Parotid Gland : Mnemonics

Relations

Anterior: 3 “M”

  • Mandible ramus
  • Medial pterygoid (medially)
  • Masseter (laterally)

Posterior: Mastoid and attachments

  • Mastoid
  • SCM
  • Posterior belly of Digastric

Medial (Parotid bed): VANS

  • 1 Vein (IJV)
    • Deep in floor of parotid bed
  • 2 Arteries (ECA and ICA)
    • Anterior to vein
  • 4 Nerves (last 4 cranial nerves, i.e., CN IX, X, XI, XII)
    • CN IX (related to “S” muscles)
    • CN X (between ICA and IJV)
    • CN XI and XII (superficial to carotid sheath but proceeding downward behind the posterior belly of digastric muscle)
  • 4″S” structures (Styloid process with 3 “S” muscles)
    • Styloglossus
    • Stylopharyngeus
    • Stylohyoid
parotid gland relations

Structures traversing the parotid gland

Mnemonic: FACER

  1. Facial nerve and terminal branches
  2. Auriculotemporal nerve (CN V3)
  3. Carotid artery – External (provides arterial supply)
  4. Retromandibular vein (provides venous drainage)

Parotid gland innervation

1. Parasympathetic: Secretomotor (from Otic ganglion) – Serous, water rich saliva

Mnemonic: PAROTId GLAnd

PARotid gland ← Auriculotemporal nerve ← Otic ganglion ← Lesser petrosal nerve ← Tympanic plexus ← Glossopharyngeal nerve ← Inferior salivatory nucleus

Another mnemonic is: IT has Lesser Options Anywhere

  • Inferior salivatory nucleus
  • Tympanic branch of CN IX
  • Lesser petrosal nerve
  • Otic ganglion
  • Auriculotemporal nerve

2. Sympathetic: Superior cervical ganglion – Enzyme rich saliva

3. Sensory: Greater auricular nerve


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