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Ophthalmology

PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Superior Orbital Fissure (SOF): Mnemonics

Epomedicine Aug 5, 2023 No Comments AnatomyNervous systemOphthalmology

Superior Orbital Fissure (SOF) is a cleft between greater and lesser wing of sphenoid which connects orbit and middle cranial fossa. It is divided into…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Proptosis : Mnemonic based Approach

Epomedicine Nov 13, 2020 No Comments Ophthalmology

Proptosis refers to the forward displacement of the eyeball beyond the orbital margin with the patient looking straight ahead. The term “Exopthalmos” is reserved for…

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Clinical Skills and Approaches

Schirmer’s test

Epomedicine Jun 26, 2020 1 Comment Clinical examinationOphthalmology

Schirmer’s test is a measurement of tear production, devised by the German ophthalmologist Otto W.A. Schirmer. Originally, Schirmer used blotting paper to collect tears elicited…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Lasers in Ophthalmology – Mnemonic

Epomedicine May 27, 2020 No Comments Ophthalmology

Order of decreasing wavelength Mnemonic: CHyNa PuRE The laser tissue interaction can be remembered in the reverse order using the mnemonic ACiDiTy. Carbon dioxide (CO2):…

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henrique durao
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Ophthalmology Mnemonics

Dr. Henrique Durão Sep 16, 2019 No Comments Ophthalmology

PERIORBITAL EDEMA P: Pregnancy E: Edema: angioedema, cellulitis R: Renal: nephrotic I: Infectious mononucleosis: Hoagland’s sign O: Obstruction: SVC R: Rheumatic: Dermatomyositis, Cutaneous SLE B: Bitten…

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hypertensive retinopathy
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Hypertensive Retinopathy Grading – Simplified

Epomedicine Jun 1, 2019 No Comments Emergency medicineInternal medicineOphthalmology

Hypertensive retinopathy has been classified by Keith, Wagener & Barker and Scheie (hypertensive and arteriosclerotic features). With this mnemonic, we will have a grading with…

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visual cycle
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Visual cycle – Simplified

Dr. Sulabh Kumar Shrestha, MS Orthopedics May 31, 2019 No Comments OphthalmologyPhysiology

11-cis-retinal combines with opsin protein to form rhodopsin. Light stimulates conversion of rhodopsin bound 11-cis-retinal to all-trans-retinol (all-trans-retinol is transported from photoreceptor cells to retinal…

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parinaud syndrome
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Parinaud Syndrome – Anatomical Basis

Epomedicine May 19, 2019 No Comments AnatomyNervous systemOphthalmology

Synonyms: Dorsal midbrain sydnrome, Pretectal syndrome Main components of Parinaud syndrome: Vertical gaze palsy Convergence-retraction nystagmus Pupillary light-near dissociation Lid retraction (Collier’s sign) Anatomical basis…

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