Case summary A female neonate was born via emergency cesarean section at 36 weeks of gestation. The indication of LSCS was polyhydramnios with fetal bradycardia.…
Explore more A case of EA/TOF (esophageal atresia/tracheoesophageal fistula)Respiratory system
Surgical Anatomy of Diaphragm
Diaphragm is a thoracoabdominal organ which is musculotendinous. It is the primary muscle of respiration. Extension: There are 2 crura of diaphragm: 3 ligaments: Quadratus…
Explore more Surgical Anatomy of DiaphragmMediastinum : Simplified
It is the region in thoracic cavity between the pulmonary cavities (covered by mediastinal pleura and excludes the lungs). Extent: Thoracic outlet (1st rib) to…
Explore more Mediastinum : SimplifiedABG Interpretation Made Easy
Normal values Step 1: pH Step 2: pCO2 Step 3: HCO3- Step 4: Determine compensation If there is metabolic acidosis or alkalosis, determine if there…
Explore more ABG Interpretation Made EasyBronchopulmonary segments : Mnemonic
Features of Bronchopulmonary segments Right Lung Mnemonic: A PALM Seed Makes Another Little Palm (from top to bottom) 1. Superior lobe: 2. Middle lobe: 3.…
Explore more Bronchopulmonary segments : MnemonicOxygen Hemoglobin Dissociation Curve : Mnemonic
The oxygen hemoglobin dissociation curve is sigmoidal in shape because the binding of 1st oxygen molecule is difficult, however once bound, they facilitate the binding…
Explore more Oxygen Hemoglobin Dissociation Curve : MnemonicMnemonic based Clinical Diagnosis of Covid-19
Mnemonic: Covid-MATCH65 Covid-19 patient exposure or international travel: 2.5 points Myalgia/Malaise: 1 point Anosmia or Aguesia: 2.5 points Temperature (any reported fever): 0.5 point Coryza/sore…
Explore more Mnemonic based Clinical Diagnosis of Covid-19Physiology of Pulmonary Surfactant
Origin Type II alveolar cells/pneumocytes (small but numerous) and Lamellar bodies (appear in Type II pneumocytes at around the 20th week of gestation) Type I…
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