The classification system for closed fractures is based on the physiologic concept that the energy imparted to the bone (and the resultant fracture pattern) directly…
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Orthopedics
Section Editor: Dr. Sulabh Kumar Shrestha, MBBS, PGY1 Orthopedics
Screw-home mechanism
Synonym: Knee-locking mechanism Definition: During the final degrees of knee extension (last 20-30 degrees), an obligatory lateral rotation of the tibia occurs, i.e. non-voluntary coupled…
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Foot muscles – Layers and Compartments
Deep to the plantar fascia, muscles of plantar foot exist in 4 different layers. Extensor digitorum brevis makes dorsal layer of foot and remaining 18…
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Prosthetic Joint Infection (PJI) Critera
The 2013 ICM criteria for defining Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) can be remembered using the mnemonic below: Mnemonic: 1 tract or 2 bact. and 3…
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Pathogenesis of Acute Osteomyelitis
This is a short powerpoint made animation video for the pathogenesis of acute osteomyelitis. Osteomyelitis is defined as an inflammation of the bone caused by…
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ESR and CRP in Musculoskeletal infection
ESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate) Usually elevated within 48-72 hours of the infection onset (less reliable in the first 48 hours of infection) Continues to rise…
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Polytrauma Assessment : Mnemonics
Adjuncts to Primary Survey PEA COVER Pulse oximetry EtCO2 ABG Catheter (NG tube and Urethral) Output (urinary) Vital signs ECG Radiographs (Chest Xray and Pelvic…
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Casting technique related Radiographic indices
Cast index Formula: Inner diameter of cast on lateral view (m) / Inner diameter of cast on AP view (n) Cut-off: 0.7-0.8 Padding index Formula:…
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