Start examination of patient using WIPER. Learn the general principles of orthopedic examination before you proceed to wrist examination. Look Both dorsal and palmar aspects…
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Orthopedics
Section Editor: Dr. Sulabh Kumar Shrestha, MBBS, PGY1 Orthopedics
Staging and Grading of Bone Tumors (Neoplasm)
Enneking (MSTS) Staging for Malignant Bone Tumors Stage Grade Site Metastasis IA Low Intra-compartmental None IB Low Extra-compartmental None IIA High Intra-compartmental None IIB High…
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Posterolateral corner (PLC) of knee
Anatomy of PLC 3 major static stabilizers of PLC Lateral collateral ligament Popliteus tendon Popliteofibular ligament Other static stabilizers of PLC Lateral capsule thickening Arcuate…
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Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) : Mnemonic
Synonym: Brittle Bone Disease Incidence: 1 in 20,000 Gene defect: Col1A1 (17q) and Col1A2 (7q) Mnemonic: Remember “one” for “bone”. Collagen one is the main…
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Stress, Strain, Viscoelastic behavior
Stress or load: Force over area (has units of Newton per square metre) Strain or deformation: Change in length over original length caused by applied…
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Motor March Phenomenon
Motor march phenomenon is a sign of reinnervation like Hoffman-Tinel’s sign which has been discussed earlier. Observed in: Axonotmesis Repaired Neurotmesis Not observed in: Neuropraxia…
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Perkin’s Timetable for Fracture Healing
One needs to understand the difference between bone union and consolidation first Union Consolidation Definition Partial/Incomplete repair Full/Complete repair Callus Calcified Ossified Attempted angulation Painful…
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AO fracture classification made easy
It is an alpha-numeric system of classification developed by Muller and colleagues. Step 1: 1st digit specifies bone 1 = Humerus and Shoulder bones 2r/u…
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