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Renal and Electroloyte

PGMEE, MBBS, MD/MS

Renal Counter-Current Mechanism Made Easy

Epomedicine Sep 11, 2021 No Comments PhysiologyRenal and Electroloyte

The term counter-current means flow in opposite direction. The renal counter-current mechanism comprises of: Flow of filtrate in opposite direction in nephron loop (down the…

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PGMEE, MBBS, MD/MS

Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) : Mnemonics

Epomedicine Nov 18, 2020 1 Comment Internal medicinePediatricsRenal and Electroloyte

Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) cause non-anion gap metabolic acidosis. Type 1: H+ excretion defect (A proton or 1st element of periodic table) This occurs in…

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hyperkalemia ecg
PGMEE, MBBS, MD/MS

Hyperkalemia Management – Mnemonic Approach

Epomedicine Oct 24, 2020 1 Comment Internal medicinePediatricsRenal and Electroloyte

Mnemonic: C BIG K D Calcium gluconate (Cardiac stabilizer) It is generally accepted that calcium should be given when there are ECG changes associated with…

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PGMEE, MBBS, MD/MS

Micturition reflex

Epomedicine Jun 13, 2020 No Comments PhysiologyRenal and Electroloyte

Micturition (Urination) is the ejection of urine from the urinary bladder through the urethra to the outside of the body. It is a type of…

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Case Reports

A Child with Fever, Diarrhea, AKI, Hematuria, Altered senosrium and Anemia

Dr. Pedchrome Jun 7, 2020 No Comments PediatricsRenal and Electroloyte

Case Scenario A 3 year boy form Western region presented at Emergency Room in a state of altered sensorium. The child was well 5 days…

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PGMEE, MBBS, MD/MS

Hyponatremia : SIADH vs Cerebral Salt Wasting Syndrome

Epomedicine Aug 9, 2019 No Comments Internal medicinePediatricsRenal and Electroloyte

SIADH causes Mnemonic: SIADH Surgery Intracranial – Infection, Head injury, CVA Alveolar – Carcinoma, Pus Drugs – Opiates, Antiepileptics, Cytotoxics, Anti-psychotics Hormonal – Hypothyroid, Low…

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sodium
Clinical Skills and Approaches

Hyponatremia Correction: Practical Approach

Epomedicine Aug 4, 2019 No Comments Internal medicinePediatricsRenal and Electroloyte

Corrected sodium level When hyperglycemia is present, the underlying sodium concentration (corrected sodium concentration) can be estimated by adding 1.6-2.4 mEq/L (average of 2 mEq/L)…

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renal angle tenderness
Clinical Skills and Approaches

Costovertebral or Renal angle tenderness

Epomedicine Jul 26, 2019 No Comments Clinical examinationInternal medicinePediatricsRenal and ElectroloyteSurgery

Synonyms: Murphy’s kidney punch, CVA tenderness (CVAT) Anatomy of Costovertebral angle or Renal angle: Costovertebral angle is formed by the junction of the 12th, or…

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