Lateral wall of nasal cavity has:
Mnemonic: SPIN
1. Superior meatus: Posterior ethmoidal sinus
2. Inferior meatus: Nasolacrimal duct
The sphenoidal sinus drains into spheno-ethmoidal recess (superior to superior concha).
All others drain into middle meatus:
Mnemonic: AM/FM
Hemoglobin Switching mnemonics 1st to appear: Embryonic hemoglobin (Gower and Portland) Switch from fetal hemoglobin to adult hemoglobin: “Gamma goes, Beta becomes, Alpha always” Fetal hemoglobin: α2γ2 Adult hemoglobin: α2β2 ζ chain α chain ε chain HbE Gower 1 HbE Gower 2 γ chain HbE Portland I HbF β chain HbE Portland II…
Mnemonic: FEMORAL Females (4 times more common) Elderly McEvedey operation (incision above inguinal ligament – preferred in emergency intervention due to easy access to compromised bowel for any resection if required) Obstruction/incarceration/strangulation risk is higher (rigid walls of femoral ring) Richter’s hernia – most common location Above inguinal ligament –…
Definition: Post-traumatic closed degloving injury, in which the skin and subcutaneous tissue is detached from the underlying fascia by a shearing force which can disrupt perforating vessels and nerves, creating a potential space that fills with blood, lymph, debris and fat (necrotic and/or viable). Clinical features: The diagnosis can be…