4-6 weeks of gestation: By 7 weeks of gestation: By 11 weeks of gestation: Late gestation: Postnatal: The acetabulum is deepened by the natural pressure from the developing femoral head on the acetabulum. Hips in newborns with developmental dysplasia are not just normal hips with capsular laxity; they are structurally…
Tag: Musculoskeletal system
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Iliofemoral ligament (Y-ligament, Ligament of Bigelow)
Structure Functions Clinical correlates References:
Surgical Skills
Safe Surgical Dislocation of Hip
Surgical Principles Relevant Course of MFCA Surgical Technique 1. Position: Lateral decubitus 2. Incision and approach: Traditional Kocher-Langebeck (KL) approach or Gibson interval (more anterior interval with posterior retraction of gluteus maximus muscle without violating it) 3. Trochanteric (Digastric slide) osteotomy: 4. Exposure: 5. Z-shaped Capsulotomy: 6. Hip Dislocation: 7….
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Sciatic Nerve Variations around Piriformis Muscle
Variations involving the relationship between the sciatic nerve and the piriformis muscle are commonly classified based on Beaton and Anson’s classification. Mnemonic: I Prefer Smart Anatomy For Perfect nerve-sparing Type Mnemonic Meaning Description Prevalence I I Inferior Undivided sciatic nerve passes below piriformis 87% II Prefer Piercing Peroneal pierces, tibial…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Iliac Cortical Density (ICD)
Synonym: Iliac Cortical Line Iliac cortical densities (ICD) are the overlap of the true pelvis posterior to the acetabulum which is used as a proxy for the slope of the sacral ala. Importance: The entry point should be anterior in S1 and inferior to the iliac cortical density (ICD), which…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Crowe Classification in Adult Hip Dysplasia
Crowe Classification Crowe classification (1979) is based on 3 easily identifiable anatomic landmarks: Reference line: drawn joining the inferior margins of each tear drop Degree of dysplasia: distance from reference line to medial head–neck junction The normal ratio of vertical diameter of the femoral head to the height of the…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Coccyx Types
Postacchini and Massobrio Classification (Nathan Modification) Can be classified into 6 types: Type I (slight curve): Curved slightly forward with apex pointing caudally (>50% incidence) Type II (forward curve): More prominent ventral curvature with coccyx apex pointing anteriorly (8-32% incidence) Type III (sharp angle): Acute anterior angulation of coccyx but…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Morel Lavallee Lesion
Definition: Post-traumatic closed degloving injury, in which the skin and subcutaneous tissue is detached from the underlying fascia by a shearing force which can disrupt perforating vessels and nerves, creating a potential space that fills with blood, lymph, debris and fat (necrotic and/or viable). Clinical features: The diagnosis can be…