Type Description Treatment 1 Boutonniere (most common) Synovectomy with extensor hood reconstruction; MCP fusion or arthroplasty 2 Boutonniere with CMC subluxation (uncommon; Type 1 + Type 3) Same as type 1 and type 3 3 Swan neck deformity (2nd most common) Splinting vs CMC arthroplasty; MCP fusion 4 Gamekeeper deformity…
Tag: Musculoskeletal system
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Lateral and Medial Pectoral Nerve : Mnemonic
Mnemonics a. Lateral is Less and Medial is More. b. Major receives 2 innervations and Minor receives 1 innervation. Hence, Lateral pectoral nerve passes through and supplies Pectoralis major. Medial pectoral nerve passes through and supplies Pectoralis major and minor. The lateral pectoral nerve and the medial pectoral nerve form…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Ollier’s Disease and Maffucci Syndrome : Mnemonic
Ollier’s disease Maffucci syndrome
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Felty Syndrome : Mnemonics
Felty syndrome is a triad of: Mnemonic #1: SANTA Mnemonic #2: FAULTS
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Deltoid Ligament : Anatomy, Clinical tests and Acute Injury
Deltoid ligament is the complex of medial collateral ligaments of the ankle joint. 2 layers of Deltoid Ligament a. Superficial layer: Originates from anterior and inferior aspects of medial malleolus fanning out & sending 3 bands to – b. Deep layer: Originates on posterior border of anterior colliculus, intercollicular groove…
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The Role of Physical Therapy in Managing Piriformis Syndrome
Piriformis syndrome is one in which the piriformis muscle situated at the gluteal region of the body applies pressure on the sciatic nerve, causing discomfort, paresthesia, and Paraesthesia along the course of the nerve. The piriformis is a hip-preserving muscle, and any form of inflammation of this muscle is going…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Unhappy Triad of O’Donoghue : Mnemonic
O’Donoghue unhappy triad is occurrence of 3 different soft tissue injuries of knee simultaneously. It includes: Mnemonic: MAM Mechanism: valgus stress with rotation of the knee Later on, more studies emerged showing that injuries in the lateral meniscus were more prevalent than injuries in the medial meniscus. The unhappy triad…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Spondylolisthesis : Summary
Indications for surgery Age group Spondylolisthesis Indications Pediatric Low grade Failure to respond to conservative treatment (9-12 months)Progressive slippageIntractable low back or radicular painNeurological deficit and deterioration High grade Neurological symptomsSevere sagittal plane spinal deformity Adult Low grade Failure of non-operative treatmentProgressive slippageSymptomatic and radiographically unstable isthmic spondylolisthesis High grade…