TNM stage Duke’s stage Description 5 yr survival Surgery Chemotherapy Radiotherapy 0 – Tis, N0, M0 Limited to mucosa >95% Local excision/polypectomy → Surveillance No…
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Gastrointestinal system
Bacterial Food Poisoning
Mnemonic: AB-BC-CES Bacteria Vomiting Diarrhea Fever Food source Duration 1-6 hrs (Preformed toxins) Aureus (S. aureus) +++ +/- +/- Meats, dairy, bakery 24-48 hrs B.…
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Inguinal Canal : Mnemonics
Walls of Inguinal Canal Mnemonic: SALP 2 X MALT Starting from superior, moving counterclockwise in order to posterior: 1. Superior (Roof): 2 Muscles (Internal oblique,…
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Severity Scores for Acute Pancreatitis : Mnemonics
Modified Glasgow-Imrie Score Severe pancreatitis likely: 3 or more of the following within 48 hours of symptom onset Mnemonic: PANCREAS Mnemonic Criteria Positive when P…
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Bilirubin Metabolism and Disorders
Bilirubin Metabolism Mnemonic: ABCDE 1. Aged RBCs (80-85%) 2. Breakdown to Biliverdin and Bilirubin (in reticuloendothelial system) 3. Circulation 4. Delivery to liver (Conjugation) 5.…
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Branches of Celiac trunk, Superior and Inferior mesenteric arteries and veins
Celiac trunk (T12) Mnemonic: LHS (Left Hand Side) Supplies Foregut (Upto opening of bile duct in 2nd part of duodenum) 1. Left gastric artery 2.…
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Epiploic foramen of Winslow : Mnemonic
Epiploic foramen is a vertical opening through which lesser sac (omental bursa) communicates with the greater sac (peritoneal cavity proper). It is at the level…
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Liver Anatomy : Mnemonics
Ligaments Mnemonic: TV TFCL 1. True ligaments: 2. False ligaments (Peritoneal folds): Posteroinferior (Visceral) Surface of Liver Anatomical halves are separated by Ligamentum venosum and…
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