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Mnemonics, Simplified Concepts & Thoughts

Category: PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Medical knowledge in bullet points with understandable language, simplified images and graspable mnemonics.

PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Skeletal Traction – Pin Insertion Sites

Epomedicine, Feb 21, 2020Feb 21, 2020

Site Point of insertion Direction Indications Olecranon (K-wire) 1.25 inches (3 cm) distal to olecranon tip – deep to subcutaneous border of upper ulna (avoids ulnar joint and open epiphysis) Medial to Lateral – At right angles to longitudinal axis of ulna (Avoids ulnar nerve) Supracondylar or Distal humerus fractures…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS Heart Sounds - Murmurs Cover Picture

Heart Sounds – Murmurs

Dr. Vinay Kumar Parepalli, MS General Surgery, Feb 12, 2020Aug 17, 2020

Murmur is a low, indistinct sound. In terms of medicine, it is the sound produced due to turbulent flow within the heart and great vessels. They are described and named in relation to the normal heart sounds, location, and quality. Please go through these articles before reading further: Heart Sounds…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Appendix, Appendicitis and Appendicectomy

Dr. Vinay Kumar Parepalli, MS General Surgery, Feb 8, 2020May 23, 2020

Inflammation of the Appendix is one of the most common causes of Pain Abdomen presenting in the Emergency Room. Since its first description in the texts, there has been a lot of improvement in the quality of management due to the availability of resources and technology. Appendix, in the initial…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Shoulder Muscles Anatomy – Simplified

Epomedicine, Nov 2, 2019Nov 2, 2019

Proximal humerus Insertion of Rotato Cuffs Mnemonic: SIT-S a. Greater tubercle: Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor b. Lesser tubercle: Subscapularis Attachment of Other muscles Anteriorly and posteriorly the muscles attach on each side of the depressions (groove and sulcus). a. Anteriorly: Insertion of 3 muscles Mnemonic: Lady between 2 Majors Crest…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Appearance and Fusion of Ossification Centers

Epomedicine, Oct 30, 2019Oct 30, 2019

Upper end of humerus Mnemonic: HGL – 1,3,5 a. Head – by 1 year b. Greater tuberosity – by 3 years c. Lesser tuberosity – by 5 years All 3 centers fuse together by 6 years (1 year after the last center appears) Upper end of femur Mnemonic: HGL –…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS tourniquet

Bruner’s Ten Rules of Pneumatic Tourniquet Use

Epomedicine, Oct 17, 2019Oct 18, 2019

APPLICATION: Apply only to a healthy limb or with caution to an unhealthy limb SIZE OF TOURNIQUET: Arm, 10 cm; leg, 15 cm or wider in large legs SITE OF APPLICATION: Upper arm; mid/upper thigh ideally PADDING: At least two layers of orthopaedic felt SKIN PREPARATION: Occlude to prevent soaking…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Mnemonic Approach to Elbow Xray – FOOL

Epomedicine, Oct 12, 2019Jun 14, 2022

Mnemonic: FOOLa. Fat padsb. Overt findings and outlinesc. Ossification centersd. Lines Fat pads The elbow joint has anterior and posterior fat pads which are extra-synovial but within the articular capsule. These are present as a radiolucent (black) line (compared to bone and surrounding soft tissues) in lateral X-rays. Normal finding:…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS diastema

Few Etiology Mnemonics

Dr. Henrique Durão, FCP (CMSA), Sep 30, 2019Oct 13, 2019

YELLOW NAILS N: Non pitting Lymphedema A: Autoimmune disorders (thyroiditis, rheumatoid arthritis) I: Infections (Pneumonia, AIDS) L: Lung disorders (pleural effusions and bronchiectasis) S: Serious: Malignancy (mycosis fungoides, laryngeal carcinoma, bronchial carcinoma, breast cancer, endometrial cancer, gallbladder cancer, NH Lymphoma) DIASTEMA causes (see Terry Thomas “sign”) D: Developmental cyst orofacial line I:…

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