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Mnemonics, Simplified Concepts & Thoughts

Category: PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Medical knowledge in bullet points with understandable language, simplified images and graspable mnemonics.

PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Mirel’s Criteria or Score – Mnemonic

Epomedicine, Apr 10, 2020Apr 10, 2020

Mirel’s scoring system rates 4 criteria from 1 to 3 with maximum possible score of 12 to assess the risk of pathological fracture due to metastases and also serves as a guide for considering prophylactic fixation. The parameters of the criteria can be remembered using the mnemonic MIREL’S. M –…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Elbow ligaments : Simplified Anatomy

Epomedicine, Apr 7, 2020Apr 7, 2020

Lateral collateral ligament complex Restraint to varus and posterolateral rotatory instability. Anatomy is more variable. LCL arises from lateral humeral condyle at a point through which the axis of rotation passes – it maintains a uniform tension throughout the arc of motion. Annular ligament is a “U” shaped ligament that…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

6 Ps and 3 As of Compartment Syndrome

Epomedicine, Apr 6, 2020Apr 6, 2020

Clinical features A. Adolescents and Adults Mnemonic: 6 Ps (by Hargens and Mubarak) Pain (may be absent in cases of nerve damage): Pain out of proportion to other physical findings (requiring increasing analgesic requirement) *: Earliest symptom Pain on passive stretch of the muscles in concerned compartment * Low sensitivity…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS pediatric fractures

General Principles – Pediatric Fracture Management

Epomedicine, Apr 4, 2020Apr 4, 2020

Children are not just mini-adults • Higher head to torso ratio: Head injury & Upper C-spine fractures • Light weight – projectile when struck • BSA to Wt. ratio – higher (rapid hypothermia) • Large cardiopulmonary reserves – normal SBP in significant hypovolemia Growth contribution by Proximal & Distal Physes…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS Hernia basics

Hernia – The Basics

Dr. Vinay Kumar Parepalli, MS General Surgery, Apr 3, 2020Dec 7, 2022

“No disease of the human body, belonging to the province of the surgeon, requires in its treatment a greater combination of accurate anatomic knowledge, with surgical skill, than hernia and all its varieties.” – Sir Astley Cooper ‘Hernia’, a word derived from Latin for ‘Rupture’, defined as the unusual protrusion…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Novel Coronavirus Disease (CoViD-19) – “An Old Family with a New Disease”

Dr. Vinay Kumar Parepalli, MS General Surgery, Feb 27, 2020May 23, 2020

Coronaviridae, one of the families of viruses which are known to cause diseases in mammals and birds ranging from the common cold to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome. A new species which belongs to this family emerged recently causing an outbreak of a respiratory disease in the eastern part of Asia….

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Skeletal Traction – Pin Insertion Sites

Epomedicine, Feb 21, 2020Feb 21, 2020

Site Point of insertion Direction Indications Olecranon (K-wire) 1.25 inches (3 cm) distal to olecranon tip – deep to subcutaneous border of upper ulna (avoids ulnar joint and open epiphysis) Medial to Lateral – At right angles to longitudinal axis of ulna (Avoids ulnar nerve) Supracondylar or Distal humerus fractures…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS Heart Sounds - Murmurs Cover Picture

Heart Sounds – Murmurs

Dr. Vinay Kumar Parepalli, MS General Surgery, Feb 12, 2020Aug 17, 2020

Murmur is a low, indistinct sound. In terms of medicine, it is the sound produced due to turbulent flow within the heart and great vessels. They are described and named in relation to the normal heart sounds, location, and quality. Please go through these articles before reading further: Heart Sounds…

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