Primary Supports 1. Mechanical Support Mnemonic: 3 A 2. Muscular/Active Support Mnemonic: Muscle PULLs 3. Ligamentary Support Mnemonic: Ligaments hold uterus like CUP Cardinal ligament + Pubocervical ligament = Triradiate ligament Secondary supports (Peritoneal folds) Mnemonic: RUB
Category: PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Medical knowledge in bullet points with understandable language, simplified images and graspable mnemonics.
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Short external rotator muscles : Hip
Short external rotators of hip in general originate from sacrum and ischium and insert on and around greater trochanter of femur. Mnemonic: P GO GO Q From proximal, the short external rotators of hip are: Muscle Proximal attachment Distal attachment Innervation Piriformis Sacrum – anterior aspectSacrotuberous ligament Greater trochanter –…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Bohr and Haldane Effect : Mnemonics
Haldane effect Mnemonic: HALD Bohr Effect Mnemonic: BOHR
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Diacerin : Mnemonic
Diacerin is a DMOAD (Diseases Modifying Osteoarthritis Drug) – D – Diarrhea (not recommended in >65 years – more vulnerable to diarrhea) I – IL-1 Inhibition A – Anthraquinone C – Chondroprotective effects E – Eczema R – Rashes I – Increase in hepatic enzymes (contraindicated in patients with history…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Popliteal Fossa : Mnemonics
Mnemonic: Serve And Volley Next Ball Think of popliteal fossa as a diamond-shaped space. The floor is formed by Popliteus muscle. Membranosus = Medial (The 2 “Semis” go together – hence medial border is formed by semimembranosus, semitendinosus and medial head of gastrocnemius) Therefore, biceps femoris and lateral head of…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Radiological Approach to Arthritis : Mnemonic
Mnemonic: ABCDES Alignment Bone – mineralization Bone – production Cartilage (Joint space) Calcification Distribution Erosions Soft tissues ABCDES of Arthritis of Wrist and Hand Features RA PsA OA EOA CPPD Gout Alignment (subluxation) Ulnar Multidirection Lateral Lateral None None Bone mineralization Osteopenia Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Bone production None…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
How to check an Error in ABG ? ABG analysis
Sometimes, clinicians might find ABG result not matching with the patient condition. These results might arise from technical errors in machine and there are certain points which can be used to check the error. How to Check whether ABG result is Right or has Error? X= 24X PaCO2/HCO3 Y= 80-…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Extremity Amputations – Review
Indications Mnemonic: three Ds 1. Dead (or dying): Peripheral vascular disease (most common indication for amputation), Severe trauma (leading indication for amputation in younger patients), Burns, Frostbite 2. Dangerous (or deadly): Malignant tumors, Potentially lethal sepsis, Crush injury 3. Damned nuisance: Gross deformity, Recurrent sepsis, Sever loss of function Increase…