4-6 weeks of gestation: By 7 weeks of gestation: By 11 weeks of gestation: Late gestation: Postnatal: The acetabulum is deepened by the natural pressure from the developing femoral head on the acetabulum. Hips in newborns with developmental dysplasia are not just normal hips with capsular laxity; they are structurally…
Category: PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Medical knowledge in bullet points with understandable language, simplified images and graspable mnemonics.
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Obstacles to reduction in Developmental Dysplasia of Hip (DDH)
Extra-articular obstacles: Secondary muscle shortening due to hip in subluxed/dislocated position Intra-articular obstacles: Results in decreased volume of the acetabulum
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Classifications of Sequelae of Septic Arthritis of Hip in Children
Several radiological classifications have been developed to describe the long-term changes in the hip following septic arthritis and to help guide management. Hunka classification Choi classification Forlin and Milani classification Grade 1: Hips with the head or the femoral neck within the acetabulum Grade 2: Hips are dislocated Johari classification…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Tonnis and IHDI (International Hip Dysplasia Institute) Classification for DDH
IHDI method is a new radiographic classification of the severity of hip dislocation in DDH. It is based on the location of the midpoint of superior part of ossified metaphysis (H-point) relative to acetabulum. In contrast to Tonnis classification method, IHDI method: Tonnis classification: It is assessed according to the…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
How to Choose a Skilled Facial Plastic Surgeon
Choosing a facial plastic surgeon is a crucial decision. Since many specialists are available, learning about the factors that make a good facial plastic surgeon is critical. It can help you choose a reliable surgeon. This guide provides valuable insights into finding a qualified professional for a stress-free experience. Understanding…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Iliofemoral ligament (Y-ligament, Ligament of Bigelow)
Structure Functions Clinical correlates References:
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Sciatic Nerve Variations around Piriformis Muscle
Variations involving the relationship between the sciatic nerve and the piriformis muscle are commonly classified based on Beaton and Anson’s classification. Mnemonic: I Prefer Smart Anatomy For Perfect nerve-sparing Type Mnemonic Meaning Description Prevalence I I Inferior Undivided sciatic nerve passes below piriformis 87% II Prefer Piercing Peroneal pierces, tibial…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
“5-Ps” Mnemonic for Preoperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis
Potential indications for antibiotic prophylaxis before surgical procedure are: 1. Penetration into gastrointestinal, respiratory and genital lumens 2. Prosthesis 3. Presence of infection 4. Prolonged surgery 5. Poor patient immunity Reference: Hasanin A, Mostafa M. The “5-Ps” Mnemonic for Antibiotic Prophylaxis Before Surgery. Anesth Analg. 2025 May 7. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000007596….