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Mnemonics, Simplified Concepts & Thoughts

Tag: Renal and Electroloyte

PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

AKI RIFLE Criteria Mnemonic

Epomedicine, Aug 6, 2024Aug 6, 2024

Stage GFR criteria Urine output criteria Mnemonic 1, 2, 3, 4 1, 2, 3 1. Risk Cr ↑ 1.5-2 XGFR ↓ 25-50% (>1/4) <0.5 ml/kg/hr X 6-12 (>1/4 day) 2. Injury Cr ↑ 2-3 XGFR ↓ >50-75% (>2/4) <0.5 ml/kg/hr X >12-24 hrs (>2/4 day) 3. Failure Cr ↑ >3…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) Grading : Mnemonic

Epomedicine, Jun 26, 2024Jun 26, 2024

Mnemonic: Upset Kidneys Drink Their Pee Grade 1: reflux up to Ureter (w/o dilation) Grade 2: reflux up to Kidneys (w/o dilation) Grade 3: Dilation (ureter/pelvis/calyces) Grade 4: Tortuosity (and worse dilation) Grade 5: Papillary impression loss Source: Tweet from Ben Abelson

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

SIADH Causes and Diagnosis : Mnemonics

Epomedicine, Jan 14, 2024Jan 14, 2024

Causes of SIADH Mnemonic: SIADH Diagnosis and Diagnostic Criteria Mnemonic: SOD-IUN TEA

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Case Reports

A Complication following vasectomy and its management

Dr. Manoj Bhandari, MS General Surgery Resident, Jan 14, 2024Jan 14, 2024

Case Summary A 45-year male presented to emergency with complaints of pain and swelling over scrotum for 10 hours (at around 11:00 pm). Upon further inquiry he had undergone vasectomy (no scalpel) at a local health post camp at around 1 pm on the same day. He had no known…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Basics of voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)

Dr. Manoj Bhandari, MS General Surgery Resident, Jan 12, 2024Jan 12, 2024

The above picture shows a VCUG scan which is a commonly performed test in urology for diagnosing various conditions related to urethra, bladder as well as assessing upper tracts. Diseases that can be diagnosed using VCUG includes: So, it is always better to have an idea about interpreting the scan as…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Approach and management of pediatric hydronephrosis

Dr. Manoj Bhandari, MS General Surgery Resident, Jan 11, 2024Jan 11, 2024

Pediatric hydronephrosis is a broad term and encompasses various spectrum of disease. It can be broadly classified into: Antenatal hydronephrosis (ANH) It accounts for 1-3% of all pregnancies (Shamshirsaz et.al;2012) and the incidence will continue to rise due to increase use of prenatal ultrasound scan. USG is the mainstay of…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

ABG Interpretation Made Easy

Epomedicine, Jun 16, 2023May 18, 2024

Normal values Step 1: pH Step 2: pCO2 Step 3: HCO3- Step 4: Determine compensation If there is metabolic acidosis or alkalosis, determine if there is appropriate respiratory compensation: No respiratory compensation: Expected pCO2 = Measured pCO2 Respiratory compensation: Expected pCO2 ≠ Measure pCO2 Step 5: Delta ratio ΔAG /…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Renal Counter-Current Mechanism Made Easy

Epomedicine, Sep 11, 2021Sep 11, 2021

The term counter-current means flow in opposite direction. The renal counter-current mechanism comprises of: Flow of filtrate in opposite direction in nephron loop (down the descending limb and up the ascending limb of LOH or Loop of Henle) – that functions as a counter-current multiplier Flow of blood in opposite…

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