Mnemonic: Upset Kidneys Drink Their Pee
Grade 1: reflux up to Ureter (w/o dilation)
Grade 2: reflux up to Kidneys (w/o dilation)
Grade 3: Dilation (ureter/pelvis/calyces)
Grade 4: Tortuosity (and worse dilation)
Grade 5: Papillary impression loss
Source: Tweet from Ben Abelson
Mnemonic: DEPRESSION Major symptoms Minor symptoms Alternative mnemonic: SIGECAPS Criteria for Major Depressive Disorder Grading of Depression Unlike in the ICD-10, grading of depression into mild, moderate and severe is not based on the sum of the symptoms, but also takes into account their intensity and the degree of functional…
A) Indications: Clinical or radiological evidence of involvement of axillary nodes Microscopically positive sentinel node(s) due to metastasis from primary malignant tumor In sentinel node negative: 98 % accurate in predicting that the other nodes are negative In sentinel node positive: possibility of microscopic disease in any of the remaining lymph nodes is 15–30…
The order of the nephron defects in Bartter, Gitelmann and Liddle syndrome follows alphabetical order. Bartter: Thick ascending LOHGitelmann: Distal tubuleLiddle: Collecting duct a. Bartter syndrome: Thick ascending Loop of Henle (LOH) Defect in Na-2K-Cl transporter (like loop diuretics) NaCl wasting, Hypercalciuria and mild hypomagnesemia Mnemonic: Loop diuretics lose calcium…