Mnemonics a. Lateral is Less and Medial is More. b. Major receives 2 innervations and Minor receives 1 innervation. Hence, Lateral pectoral nerve passes through and supplies Pectoralis major. Medial pectoral nerve passes through and supplies Pectoralis major and minor. The lateral pectoral nerve and the medial pectoral nerve form…
Tag: Orthopedics
Section Editor: Dr. Sulabh Kumar Shrestha, MBBS, PGY1 Orthopedics
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Ollier’s Disease and Maffucci Syndrome : Mnemonic
Ollier’s disease Maffucci syndrome
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Radiological Lines for assessing Basilar Invagination : Mnemonic
Mnemonic: Imagine a letter “Z“. a. McRae’s line has “R” and is at Roof. b. Chamberlain’s line starts with “C” and is at Center. c. McGregor’s line has “G” and is at Ground. a. McRae’s line (foramen magnum line): drawn from anterior margin of foramen (basion) to posterior margin of…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Felty Syndrome : Mnemonics
Felty syndrome is a triad of: Mnemonic #1: SANTA Mnemonic #2: FAULTS
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Deltoid Ligament : Anatomy, Clinical tests and Acute Injury
Deltoid ligament is the complex of medial collateral ligaments of the ankle joint. 2 layers of Deltoid Ligament a. Superficial layer: Originates from anterior and inferior aspects of medial malleolus fanning out & sending 3 bands to – b. Deep layer: Originates on posterior border of anterior colliculus, intercollicular groove…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Unhappy Triad of O’Donoghue : Mnemonic
O’Donoghue unhappy triad is occurrence of 3 different soft tissue injuries of knee simultaneously. It includes: Mnemonic: MAM Mechanism: valgus stress with rotation of the knee Later on, more studies emerged showing that injuries in the lateral meniscus were more prevalent than injuries in the medial meniscus. The unhappy triad…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Spondylolisthesis : Summary
Indications for surgery Age group Spondylolisthesis Indications Pediatric Low grade Failure to respond to conservative treatment (9-12 months)Progressive slippageIntractable low back or radicular painNeurological deficit and deterioration High grade Neurological symptomsSevere sagittal plane spinal deformity Adult Low grade Failure of non-operative treatmentProgressive slippageSymptomatic and radiographically unstable isthmic spondylolisthesis High grade…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Tension Band Wiring (TBW)
Tension Band Principle A tension band is any device placed on the tension side of an eccentrically loaded fracture that converts tensile load into compressive load. The convex side of the bone is under tension whereas the concave side is under compression. For a tension band to work, the fracture…