INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS INDICATIONS FOR SURGERY A: Aortic valve, Annular Abscess B: Block (heart block), Bacteremia (persistent) C: Complications, CCF D: Destructive penetrating lesion E: Emboli F: Fever despite appropriate antibiotics, Fungus G: Growing vegetations H: Heart failure, Highly resistant organisms PROSTHETIC HEART VALVES COMPLICATIONS: VIP BEAST V: Valve Obstruction I: INR monitoring, Infective Endocarditis P: Paravalvular…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Ophthalmology Mnemonics
PERIORBITAL EDEMA P: Pregnancy E: Edema: angioedema, cellulitis R: Renal: nephrotic I: Infectious mononucleosis: Hoagland’s sign O: Obstruction: SVC R: Rheumatic: Dermatomyositis, Cutaneous SLE B: Bitten by insect triatomine bug: T cruzi, Chagas disease – Romana’ sign I: Inside cavernous sign thrombosis T: Thyroid [Enroth fullness], Trichinosis A: Allergies, Albumin low L:…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Pulmonology Mnemonics
TB SMEAR (+) CULTURE (–): 4 Ds D: DEAD: continued expectoration of dead organisms D: DEGENERATE: non-cultivable non-TB mycobacteria, unable to proliferate on a standard AFB culture D: DELAY: excessive > 5 days between collection & inoculation D: DRUGS: sufficient anti TB levels to suppress growth in vitro TB RISK FACTORS: SHE LOVED RICHES S: Silicosis…
Blog 
6 Men’s Health Issues You Should Know About
Although a man’s body is a complex machine that can repair itself in amazing ways, like most machines, the human body can have problems and defects during its long life. Whether it is an illness, stress, or other physical complication, knowing how to deal with the problem can often help…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Acute Stroke Management : Mnemonic Approach
Mnemonic: BRAIN ATTACK a. Blood pressure: Antihypertensives are recommended only in following conditions: SBP >220 mmHg, DBP >120 mmHg or MAP >130 mmHg (Target SBP reduction by 15% in 1st 24 hours) End organ damage: Acute MI, Aortic dissection, Hypertensive encephalopathy, Severe left ventricular failure Candidates for thrombolysis: SBP >185…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Amylase and Lipase in Acute Pancreatitis
Test Rise Peak Return to baseline Lipase 4-6 hours 48 8-14 days Amylase 2-4 hours 24-48 5-7 days Serum lipase elevation has a better diagnostic value as compared to serum amylase due to its superior specificity. Amylase has a low molecular weight and as a result can easily pass through…
Emergency Medicine 
Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) Poisoning: Mnemonic Approach
Rule of 150 and 4 a. Begin treatment if: Paracetamol is ingested at a dose >150 mg/kg Threshold to begin treatment is half the dose (75 mg/kg) in high risk cases: 1. Regular ethanol consumption: >21 Units/week in male and >14 Units/week in female 2. Regular use of enzyme inducing…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Dengue Classification : Mnemonic
Probable Dengue Mnemonic: FEVeR TLC (Send Total Leukocyte Count in Fever) a. Feverb. Endemic area (living or travel)and 2 of –c. Vomiting and nausead. Rashe. Tourniquet test positivef. Leukopenia (EARLIEST sign)g. Cramps and cries (Aches and pains) Tourniquet test: Inflate the BP cuff between SBP and DBP and keep it…