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Mnemonics, Simplified Concepts & Thoughts

Category: PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Medical knowledge in bullet points with understandable language, simplified images and graspable mnemonics.

PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS brachial-plexus-block-approaches

Brachial Plexus Block Made Easy

Epomedicine, Oct 23, 2016

Brachial plexus is sub-divided from proximal to distal into: Roots, Trunks, Divisions, Cords, Branches. This can be easily remembered with a mnemonic: Randy Travis Drinks Cold Beer. Approaches for Brachial Plexus Block Basically, there are 4 approaches to the brachial plexus block at different levels as described in the mnemonic…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS amide and ester

Local Anesthetics Mnemonic

Dr. Sulabh Kumar Shrestha, MS Orthopedics, Oct 21, 2016Feb 20, 2023

All Local anesthetics contain suffix “-caine”. Local Anesthetics (LA) can be classified as: Esters and Amides. Esters vs Amides A mnemonic device is that the names of amides contain 2 “i”s compared with only 1 “i” seen in esters. Remember: One-eyed ester or Amide word has an “i” in it…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS priming, precurarization and self-taming

Priming, Precurarization and Self taming

Epomedicine, Oct 21, 2016

Priming Administration of a small sub-paralyzing dose of non-depolarizing muscular blocking agent (usually 10% of the intubating dose) is given 2-4 minutes before administering a 2nd large dose for tracheal intubation to accelerate the onset of non-depolarizing NM blockade by 30-60 seconds. Mechanism and Concept of Priming 2 theories have…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS concentration effect

Concentration effect, Second gas effect and Diffusion hypoxia

Epomedicine, Oct 20, 2016Oct 20, 2016

Concentration effect The higher the concentration of an inhaled anesthetic, the faster the alveolar concentration approaches the inhaled concentration. This is referred to as concentration effect and is clinically significant only in cases where gases are administered in high concentration: Nitrous oxide Xenon Ostwald’s blood gas solubility coefficient: ratio of…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS Mapleson breathing system

Mapleson Breathing Circuit Made Easy

Epomedicine, Oct 17, 2016

Anatomy of Mapleson Breathing Circuit Basically, a mapleson breathing circuit consists of following parts: 1. Face mask (towards patient end) 2. Reservoir bag (towards operator end) Accommodates fresh gas flow during expiration acting as a reservoir available for the following inspiration. Acts as a monitor of patient’s ventilatory pattern during…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS hypertension-terms

Terminologies of Hypertension

Epomedicine, Oct 15, 2016Oct 15, 2016

There are various terminologies used to describe hypertension which may overlap and are a source of confusion to the medical students and health professionals. Essential or Primary or Idiopathic hypertension Hypertension in which secondary causes have been excluded. Identifiable etiologic factors of essential hypertension: Obesity Insulin resistance High alcohol intake…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS kawasaki-disease

Kawasaki Disease – Diagnostic Criteria Mnemonic

Epomedicine, Oct 7, 2016Oct 7, 2016

The diagnostic criteria of Kawasaki Disease can be remembered using a mnemonic – “FEBRILE“. Fever: >5 days plus ≥4 of the following Enathem: Lips: Erythema, fissuring or crusting Oropharynx: Diffuse injection Tongue: Strawberry tongue Bulbar conjunctivitis: Bilateral, painless and non-exudative Rash: Polymorphous rash Internal organ involvement (not the part of criteria)…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS liver-segments-mnemonic

Liver Segments Explained with Mnemonic

Dr. Sulabh Kumar Shrestha, MS Orthopedics, Sep 8, 2016Jun 23, 2023

Couniaud divided liver into 8 functional segments, each of which is supplied by it’s own portal triad (composed of a portal vein, hepatic artery and a bile duct). Hepatic veins divide the liver in saggital plane: 1. Middle hepatic vein: Divides the liver into right and left functional lobe. 2….

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