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Mnemonics, Simplified Concepts & Thoughts

Category: PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Medical knowledge in bullet points with understandable language, simplified images and graspable mnemonics.

PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS gastrinoma triangle

Gastrinoma (Passaro’s) triangle

Epomedicine, Feb 17, 2017

Boundaries of Gastrinoma Triangle It is an imaginary triangle formed by 3 points in upper abdomen: Apex: Cystic duct-CBD junction Inferior point: 2nd part duodenum-3rd part duodenum junction Left lateral point: Pancreatic neck-body junction This area is located to the right of Superior Mesenteric Artery (SMA) i.e. Proximal duodenum and…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS men syndrome

MEN syndrome : Mnemonics

Epomedicine, Feb 17, 2017May 21, 2024

MEN syndrome is an autosomal dominant (AD) predisposition to developing multiple endocrine tumors. Mnemonic: MEN are Dominant. Points to remember: MEN I or MEN 1 (Wermer’s syndrome) Mnemonic: 3 X P’s MEN IIA or MEN 2A (Sipple’s syndrome) Mnemonic: 3 X C’s MEN IIB or 2B (MEN III) Mnemonic: 2C 2M…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS pth magnesium

Why mild hypomagnesemia causes hyperparathyroidism and severe hypomagnesemia causes hypoparathyroidism?

Epomedicine, Feb 16, 2017Jul 29, 2023

You must have seen the statement in First Aid that says – low serum magnesium causes increase in Parathyroid hormone secretion and very low serum magnesium causes decrease in Parathyroid hormone secretion. Doesn’t this make you curious? Let’s explore the underlying mechanism in depth. How Calcium and Magnesium Mediated PTH…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS rib notching

Rib Notching

Epomedicine, Feb 13, 2017

Normal Rib Notching A small notch near the costo-vertebral joint is normal, so pathologic rib notching is more likely if the notching is more lateral. Types of Pathological Rib Notching 1. Superior rib notching 2. Inferior rib notching (more common) Inferior Rib Notching (Roesler’s sign) Mechanism: Enlargement of one or…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS internal carotid artery

Internal Carotid Artery – Segments and Branches

Epomedicine, Feb 13, 2017

7 segments of Internal Carotid Artery We have already discussed a mnemonic to remember the course of Internal Carotid Artery with the help of 2 horizontal “S” under the topic of Circle of Willis. C1 – Cervical segment C2 – Petrous (horizontal) segment C3 – Lacerum segment C4 – Cavernous…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS figo scoring gtn

Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia (GTN) : Quick review

Epomedicine, Feb 7, 2017Feb 7, 2017

Follow-up protocol Post-Evacuation of Molar Pregnancy Weekly hCG measurements until hCG becomes undetectable Once hCG is undetectable, 2 further specimens should be obtained at weekly intervals Then monthly for 6 months and then Every 2 months for a further 6 months Diagnosis of GTN The diagnosis of GTN is made…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS ovarian neoplasm

Pathology of Ovarian Tumors – Quick Review

Epomedicine, Feb 7, 2017

The latest TNM and FIGO staging for Ovarian Cancer has been discussed earlier here. Here, we will discuss pathology of ovarian tumors in short and in a way thats easy to grasp. WHO Classification of Ovarian Tumors Cells of origin Surface coelomic epithelium Germ cells Sex cord, stromal cells Metastatic…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS sbp treatment

Ascitic Fluid Analysis : How to come to diagnosis?

Epomedicine, Feb 6, 2017Feb 6, 2017

We have already discussed about the practical essentials about Ascitic Paracentesis including absolute contraindications, site of needle entry and appropriate volume replacement. Laboratory analysis of ascitic fluid may provide answers to important clinical questions, as its composition varies depending on the underlying cause. Gross Special test WBC (/mm³) – most useful PMN…

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