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Mnemonics, Simplified Concepts & Thoughts

Category: PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Medical knowledge in bullet points with understandable language, simplified images and graspable mnemonics.

PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS maxillary artery

Maxillary Artery : Mnemonic

Epomedicine, Oct 16, 2017Aug 23, 2023

Origin of Maxillary artery: Terminal branch of External Carotid Artery (ECA) Derived from: 1st Arch Divisions of Maxillary artery: 3 parts by lateral pterygoid Branches of Maxillary artery Remember: Branches from 1st part Branches from the 2nd part Mnemonic: They supply muscles of mastication which are also derivatives of the…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS subclavian artery branches

Branches of Subclavian artery : Mnemonic

Epomedicine, Oct 10, 2017

Origin of Subclavian artery: Left: Arch of aorta Right: Brachiocephalic artery Extent of Subclavian artery: Arises posterior to sternoclavicular joint and ends at outer border of 1st rib by becoming acillary artery. Divisions of Subclavian artery: 3 parts in relation to Scalenus anterior muscle 1st part (medial to muscle) 2nd…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS fever with rash

Fever and Rash : Mnemonic Based Approach

Dr. Sulabh Kumar Shrestha, MS Orthopedics, Sep 3, 2017Feb 2, 2023

Seven Killer Causes of Fever and Rash Mnemonic: SMARTTT Sepsis Meningococcemia Acute endocarditis Rocky mountain spotted fever Toxic erythemas Toxic epidermal necrolysis Travel-related infections Onset of Rash with “X” Days of Fever Mnemonic: Very Sick Person Must Take Double Eggs Varicella (Chicken pox): 1st day (rash is often 1st sign…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS erythropoiesis

Erythropoiesis Simplified

Epomedicine, Sep 2, 2017Sep 2, 2017

Hemoglobin Switching mnemonics 1st to appear: Embryonic hemoglobin (Gower and Portland) Switch from fetal hemoglobin to adult hemoglobin: “Gamma goes, Beta becomes, Alpha always” Fetal hemoglobin: α2γ2 Adult hemoglobin: α2β2 ζ chain α chain ε chain HbE Gower 1 HbE Gower 2 γ chain HbE Portland I HbF β chain HbE Portland II…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS erythropoietin mechanism

Erythropoietin (EPO) Physiology

Epomedicine, Sep 2, 2017

Structure of erythropoietin (EPO) Glycoprotein hormone 165 amino acids Molecular mass – 30 kDa Site of production/synthesis of erythropoietin (EPO) Kidneys (75-90%): Peritubular interstitial cells Liver (15%; chief source in fetus and neonates): Centrilobular hepatocytes After birth, erythropoietin is not detectable until 8-12 weeks after birth leading to physiological anaemia…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Anatomy of Middle Ear with Clinical correlation

Dr. Vinay Kumar Parepalli, MS General Surgery, Jul 22, 2017Jun 12, 2020

The ear, along the evolution has modified structurally and functionally. In lower animals, they functioned as alarm systems to detect any sounds of the prey or predator so as to fix their vision and also maintain the balance of the body to prevent fall. In the course of evolution, this…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Aplastic Anemia : Review notes

Epomedicine, Jul 11, 2017Aug 14, 2017

Definition        Failure of bone marrow to produce peripheral blood cells and its progenitors Etiology The following illustration gives a brief idea about the etiological factors of aplastic anemia Now going into each etiological factor: – Autoimmune diseases: – Either they affect all the lineages (autoimmune aplastic anemia) or a single…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS Child Pugh Score

Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) – Quick revision

Epomedicine, Apr 18, 2017

New Criteria for HRS 1. Cirrhosis with ascites 2. Serum creatinine >1.5mg/dl 3. No sustained improvement in renal function after 2 days of diuretic withdrawl (if on diuretics) and volume expansion with albumin infusion at 1 gm/kg/day upto a maximum of 100 gm/day. 4. No evidence of shock 5. No…

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