Origin: Hepatic Portal Vein is formed by the union of Splenic vein and Superior mesenteric Vein behind the neck of pancreas at L1 vertebral level. Termination: The portal vein terminates by branching into right branch (entering right lobe of liver) and left branch entering (left lobe of liver). Parts: Tributaries: Points to…
Category: PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Medical knowledge in bullet points with understandable language, simplified images and graspable mnemonics.
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Cellulitis Assessment : Mnemonic
Cellulitis is a rapidly spreading acute inflammation with infection of skin and subcutaneous tissue that spreads widely through tissue spaces. It is commonly caused by either Streptococcus pyogenes or Staphylococcus aureus. Erysipelas is a superficial form of cellulitis involving lymphatics; it has a peau d’orange appearance and a sharp border. It characteristically appears on the face. Since,…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Bisphosphonate Pharmacology
Classification Non-nitrogen containing (1st generation): Etidronate Clodronate Tiludronate Nitrogen containing (2nd and 3rd generation): a. 2nd generation (alky-amino nitrogen containing): Pamidronate Alendronate Ibadronate Olpadronate b. 3rd generation (heterocyclic nitrogen containing): Risedronate Zoledronate Chemical structure Stable derivatives of inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) Mechanism of action Strong attachment to hydroxyapatite mineral found in…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Nail Bed Injuries : Van Beek Classification and Management
Clinically, the Van Beek classification system denominates 5 principal nail bed injuries, subclassified by location within the nailbed (involving either the sterile and/or germinal matrix, respectively) and the extent of injury. Germinal Matrix Injury GI: Small subungual hematoma proximal nail (<25%) GII: Germinal matrix laceration, large subungual hematoma (>50%) GIII:…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Antimicrobial Mechanism of Actions – Everything you need to know
Cell Wall Synthesis Inhibitors A peptidoglycan monomer consists of 2 joined amino-sugars, N-acetyl glucosamine (NAG) and N-acetyle muramic acid (NAM), with a pentapeptide coming off of the NAM. So, a peptidoglycan monomer is a NAG-NAM-pentapeptide. These peptidoglycan monomers are synthesized in cytosol and transported across cytoplasmic membrane by Bactoprenols (BP)….
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
MRI Physics Made Easy
Human body is made up of water, which means a large number of atoms inside our body is hydrogen atoms, the nucleus of which contains a positively charged proton that spins (or precesses) around an axis like a child’s top. This spinning generates its own tiny magnetic field, giving the…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Dog bite wounds : Primary closure or Delayed closure?
A study of 50 dog bite wounds revealed that the commonest colonizing: Aerobic micro-organisms are: Pasteurella (50%), Streptococcus (46%), Staphylococcus (46%), Neisseria (32%), and Corynebacterium (12%), Eikenella corrodens (2%) Anaerobic micro-organisms are: Fusobacterium nucleatum (16%), Bacteroides tectus (14%), Prevotella heparinolytica (14%), Propionibacterium acnes (14%), Prevotella intermedia (8%), Peptostreptococcus anaerobius (8%),…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Nerve fibers – Classification
Nerve fibers can be classified as A, B and C and A type fibers can be further classified into alpha, beta, gamma and delta. The size and myelination (thus conduction) progressively decreases in the descending order. A alpha: Efferent (Somatic motor) – To extrafusal fibers (muscle spindle) Afferent (Proprioception): Ia…