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Mnemonics, Simplified Concepts & Thoughts

Author: Dr. Sulabh Kumar Shrestha, MS Orthopedics

He is the section editor of Orthopedics in Epomedicine. He searches for and share simpler ways to make complicated medical topics simple. He also loves writing poetry, listening and playing music.
Surgical Skills

Intramedullary Nail Dynamization

Dr. Sulabh Kumar Shrestha, MS Orthopedics, Apr 29, 2025Apr 29, 2025

Dynamization of intramedullary nail is the process of converting a static interlocking nail (provides better fixation & rotational control) to a dynamic locking nail (allows axial loading of fracture to stimulate bone healing). Dynamization converts a bridging mode of fixation to the splinting mode. Timing of Dynamization: Dynamization should be…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Kambin’s Triangle or Prism

Dr. Sulabh Kumar Shrestha, MS Orthopedics, Apr 10, 2025Apr 10, 2025

There is confusion regarding the borders of Kambin’s triangle across the literature. Kambin originally described the borders of this triangular working zone as: Though it was named as a “triangle” it was described with 4 borders with 2 triangles (in AP view and Lateral view) which gives a 3D structure…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Lateral and Medial Pectoral Nerve : Mnemonic

Dr. Sulabh Kumar Shrestha, MS Orthopedics, Dec 29, 2024Dec 29, 2024

Mnemonics a. Lateral is Less and Medial is More. b. Major receives 2 innervations and Minor receives 1 innervation. Hence, Lateral pectoral nerve passes through and supplies Pectoralis major. Medial pectoral nerve passes through and supplies Pectoralis major and minor. The lateral pectoral nerve and the medial pectoral nerve form…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Deltoid Ligament : Anatomy, Clinical tests and Acute Injury

Dr. Sulabh Kumar Shrestha, MS Orthopedics, Oct 23, 2024Oct 23, 2024

Deltoid ligament is the complex of medial collateral ligaments of the ankle joint. 2 layers of Deltoid Ligament a. Superficial layer: Originates from anterior and inferior aspects of medial malleolus fanning out & sending 3 bands to – b. Deep layer: Originates on posterior border of anterior colliculus, intercollicular groove…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Reverse or Baby or Mirrored Bennett’s Fracture

Dr. Sulabh Kumar Shrestha, MS Orthopedics, Aug 7, 2024Aug 7, 2024

Definition: The fracture-dislocation at the base of the fifth metacarpal analogous to Bennett’s fracture of the thumb Mechanism of injury: Muscle pull and displacement: Consequences of unreduced fracture-dislocation: Possible associations: X-ray views: Treatment: 1. Closed reduction and internal fixation with K-wires 2. Open reduction and internal fixation with K-wires or…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Metaphyseal lesions : Differential Diagnoses

Dr. Sulabh Kumar Shrestha, MS Orthopedics, Jul 25, 2024Jul 25, 2024

Lesions Age Demographics Site Presentation Imaging Treatment Comments Acute Osteomyelitis Bimodal (<2 years and 8-12 years) M:F = 2:1 Distal femur, Proximal tibia Pain, refusal to bear weight, erythema, warmth, fluctuance, tenderness Lags 2 weeks behindDestruction of bone, periosteal reaction (lamellated, hair on end), new bone formation 1. Antibiotics2. Surgical…

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Kienbock’s Disease : Mnemonic Approach

Dr. Sulabh Kumar Shrestha, MS Orthopedics, Jul 18, 2024Jul 18, 2024

Etiology Mnemonic: RSTUV Lichtman Classification and Management Stage Description Treatment Mnemonic: ABCD Mnemonic: ABCD I Abnormal MRI (decreased T1 intensity; variable T2 intensity) or scintigraphy Analgesics + immobilization II Bone sclerosis ± Bone breaks (fracture lines) Bony procedures:1. Negative or Neutral ulnar variance: Joint levelling procedure (Radius shortening osteotomy; Ulnar…

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Surgical Skills

Swashbuckler (Modified Anterolateral) Approach to Distal Femur

Dr. Sulabh Kumar Shrestha, MS Orthopedics, Jul 9, 2024Jul 9, 2024

Advantages: Patient position: Supine with a roll under the knee to allow knee flexion Tourniquet: Not used unless required Incision: Superficial dissection: 1. Fascia is incised in line of incision & sharply dissected off the vastus lateralis muscle laterally to its inclusion with the iliotibial band, to expose the quadriceps…

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