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Mnemonics, Simplified Concepts & Thoughts

Tag: General Surgery

PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

“5-Ps” Mnemonic for Preoperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis

Epomedicine, Jul 10, 2025Jul 10, 2025

Potential indications for antibiotic prophylaxis before surgical procedure are: 1. Penetration into gastrointestinal, respiratory and genital lumens 2. Prosthesis 3. Presence of infection 4. Prolonged surgery 5. Poor patient immunity Reference: Hasanin A, Mostafa M. The “5-Ps” Mnemonic for Antibiotic Prophylaxis Before Surgery. Anesth Analg. 2025 May 7. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000007596….

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Wound Strength

Epomedicine, Jul 5, 2025Jul 5, 2025

Wound strength is determined by both quantity and quality of collagen and an appropriate balance of deposition and breakdown. The amount of collagen in a wound plateaus at several weeks post-injury. Timeline: 1. First few weeks: Strength increases rapidly, reaching about 20% of pre-injury strength at 3 weeks.  2. Around 6 weeks: Wound strength…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Morel Lavallee Lesion

Dr. Sulabh Kumar Shrestha, MS Orthopedics, May 22, 2025May 22, 2025

Definition: Post-traumatic closed degloving injury, in which the skin and subcutaneous tissue is detached from the underlying fascia by a shearing force which can disrupt perforating vessels and nerves, creating a potential space that fills with blood, lymph, debris and fat (necrotic and/or viable). Clinical features: The diagnosis can be…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Corona Mortis

Epomedicine, May 22, 2025May 22, 2025

Synonym: Crown of Death Definition: Retropubic vascular anastomoses between the obturator and external iliac systems Location: Behind the superior pubic ramus at varying distance from the symphysis pubis (range 40-96 mm) Morphologies: a. Arterial corona mortis (8-65% incidence): b. Venous corona mortis (40-96% incidence): c. Combined arterial and venous corona…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Surgical Site Infection Risk Factors : Mnemonic

Epomedicine, Jul 25, 2024Jul 25, 2024

Various types of surgical site infection (SSI) have been defined by CDC. Patient related factors Mnemonic: WASHING 1. Weight: Obesity (>20% of ideal body weight) 2. Antibiotic resistant skin flora: MRSA colonization 3. Advancing age 4. Smoking 5. HIV and other immune deficiency conditions 6. Infection coexisting at other sites…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Colorectal carcinoma – Duke Staging and Management

Epomedicine, Jul 7, 2024Jul 7, 2024

TNM stage Duke’s stage Description 5 yr survival Surgery Chemotherapy Radiotherapy 0 – Tis, N0, M0 Limited to mucosa >95% Local excision/polypectomy → Surveillance No No Mnemonic I – T1-2, N0, M0 A A-Ok limited to bowel wall only 90% Wide surgical resection + Anastomosis No No II – T3-4,…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Spleen, Liver, Kidney Trauma

Epomedicine, Jul 5, 2024Jul 5, 2024

Approach to abdominal trauma has been discussed earlier. Spleen Injury Liver Injury Kidney Injury General 2nd m/c injured intra-abdominal organ in blunt trauma m/c injury requiring operative intervention in blunt trauma m/c injured intra-abdominal organ overall m/c injured intra-abdominal organ in blunt trauma m/c from blunt trauma maximum warm ischemia…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Inguinal Canal : Mnemonics

Epomedicine, Jul 1, 2024Jul 1, 2024

Walls of Inguinal Canal Mnemonic: SALP 2 X MALT Starting from superior, moving counterclockwise in order to posterior: 1. Superior (Roof): 2 Muscles (Internal oblique, Transverse abdominus) 2. Anterior: 2 Aponeuroses (External abdominal oblique, Internal abdominal oblique) 3. Lower (Floor): 2 Ligaments (Lacunar and Inguinal) 4. Posterior: 2 T‘s (conjoint…

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