The ear, along the evolution has modified structurally and functionally. In lower animals, they functioned as alarm systems to detect any sounds of the prey or predator so as to fix their vision and also maintain the balance of the body to prevent fall. In… Read More
Definition Failure of bone marrow to produce peripheral blood cells and its progenitors Etiology The following illustration gives a brief idea about the etiological factors of aplastic anemia Now going into each etiological factor: – Autoimmune diseases: – Either they affect all the lineages (autoimmune… Read More
Step 1: Rescuer 1 stabilizes head and neck in neutral position without applying traction. He/she should grasp the patient’s shoulders at the neck and gently position the patient’s head betweeen the forearms. Another rescuer should apply a semirigid extrication collar. Even with the collar in… Read More
New Criteria for HRS 1. Cirrhosis with ascites 2. Serum creatinine >1.5mg/dl 3. No sustained improvement in renal function after 2 days of diuretic withdrawl (if on diuretics) and volume expansion with albumin infusion at 1 gm/kg/day upto a maximum of 100 gm/day. 4. No… Read More
Gustilo Anderson Classification of Open fracture Progression for grade I to III C implies a higher degree of energy involved in the injury, higher soft tissue and bone damage, and higher portential for complications. Type I: <1 cm; Mild/minimal energy trauma, soft tissue injury, contamination… Read More
