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Definition: Neovascularization of iris
Pathophysiology: Causes that lead to retinal hypoxia triggers release of vasoproliferative factors include vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and others
Etiology:
1. …
Medical Students »
Summary of Clinical Tests and Signs in Orthopedics
Adson’s test: for thoracic outlet syndrome
Allen’s test: for testing patency of radial and ulnar arteries
Alli’s test: for DDH
Anvil test: for testing tenderness of the spine
Ape thumb: for median nerve injury
Apley’s grinding test: for meniscus injury
Apprehension test: for recurrent dislocation of the shoulder
Barlow’s test: for DDH
Blue sclera: Osteogenesis imperfecta
Bryant’s test: for anterior dislocation of the shoulder
Callways’ test: for anterior dislocation of the shoulder
Chovstek’s sign: for tetany
Claw hand: for ulnar nerve injury
Coin test: for dorso lumbar tuberculosis of spine
Cozen’s test: for tennis elbow
Drawer test: for ACL and PCL injuries
- Anterior : for ACL injury
- Posterior : for PCL injury
Finkelstein’s test: for de Quervain’s tenosynovitis
Foot drop: for common peroneal nerve injury
Froment’s sign: for ulnar nerve injury
Gaenslen’s test: for SI joint involvement Read the full story »
Glaucoma basics : Classification of Glacuoma
Definition: Glaucoma is a group of disorders characterized by a progressive optic neuropathy resulting in a characterstic appearance of the optic disc and a specific pattern of irreversible visual field defects that are associated frequently but not invariably with raised intraocular …
Examination of Hip : Trendelenburg test or sign
Normal: When the body weight is supported on one limb, the abductors (gluteus medius and minimus) of the supported side contract and raise the opposite unsupported side of the pelvis.
Abnormal: If the abductor mechanism is …
Examination of Hip : Bryant’s triangle
Synonyms: Iliofemoral triangle
Position: The patient lies supine with the pelvis square, and the limbs in identical position.
Points of the Bryant’s triangle:
The Bryant’s triangle is a right angled formed by:
Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)
Tip of Greater trochanter
Junction …
Pterygium Excision
Indications for surgery:
1. Reduced vision secondary to:
Threatens visual axis: Pterygium advancing toward or already impinging visual axis
Induced astigmatism: Due to flattening of meridian of pterygium by fibrosis in atrophic stage
2. Cosmesis
3. Significant discomfort not relieved …
Thyroidectomy Basics
Synonyms: Thyroid resection surgery, Thyroid removal surge
Definition: Thyroidectomy is the surgical removal of all or part of the thyroid gland. A “thyroidectomy” should not be confused with a “thyroidotomy” (“thyrotomy”), which is a cutting into the thyroid, to …
Applied Anatomy of Submandibular Salivary Gland
Synonyms: Submaxillary gland (SMG), Mandibular gland
Definition: Submandibular glands are one of the major salivary glands comprised of mixed serous and mucous acini and located below the lower border of the body of mandible. It is the …
Funny Medical Memes
We have a collection of hilarious memes relating to the medics in attempt to find humor in the hectic schedules of life. Newer images are created and added whenever possible. If you want your meme …
Vestibular examination : Dix-Hallpike Maneuver for BPPV
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) is the commonest cause of episodic vertigo and is characterized by acute attacks of transient vertigo initiated by certain head positions, lasting seconds to minutes, accompanied by nystagmus that fatigues …
Physical Examination: Gait
Definition: Gait is the manner or style of walking. It is dependent upon muscles, joints, nervous system and labyrinthine functions.
Normal Gait Cycle:
The gait cycle is the time interval or sequence of motions occurring between two …
Examination of Facial Nerve (7th Cranial Nerve)
The anatomy of facial nerve has already been discussed in detail earlier. It is essential to have proper knowledge of anatomy to understand this section of clinical examination of facial nerve.
A) Inspection:
Observe:
Face at rest for …
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