It’s difficult to find a student friendly book on examination techniques in orthopedics and often the students struggle with the sequence and techniques of examination…
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Clinical examination
Knee Examination
Go through the general principles of orthopedic examination before starting with knee examination. EXPOSURE: From flanks to ankle INSPECTION: STANDING: SITTING: SUPINE: PALPATION TEMPERATURE (joint…
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Eliciting Primitive Neonatal Reflexes
Neonatal reflexes are the reflexes which are present at birth and have a predictable course of appearance and disappearance. A normally developing newborn should respond…
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Spine Examination
Follow the general principles of orthopedic examination listed in the article below. Exposure Undress leaving the undergarments Surface markings: 1. 1st palpable spinous process –…
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Hand Examination
Look Examine SEADS with palms facing upwards and downwards: Interrupted finger cascade = Tendon divided or stuck Normal finger cascade but absent active motion =…
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Diet Assessment in Pediatrics: History taking skill
As a part of history taking, Dietary assessment becomes an important part of pediatric history. As childhood is the age of rapid growth and development,…
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Inverted Reflexes
An inverted tendon reflex refers to the elicitation of the movement opposite to that normally seen when the reflex is elicited. Mechanism of Inverted Reflexes…
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Hoffmann’s Sign
History Method of Eliciting Hoffmann’s Reflex Mechanism of Positive Hoffmann’s Reflex Sudden stretch of the finger flexors causes involuntary finger flexor contraction due to activation…
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