A wound is typically described as a break in the surface tissue (such as skin or mucous membrane) or any tissue under the surface. It may involve the superficial planes alone or the deep planes and deep tissue of the body alone or both. Superficial Tissue include: Skin, Superficial Fascia,…
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What is Plantar Fascitis?
The feet contain 28 bones, 30 joints, and more than 100 muscles, tendons, and ligaments. In other words, there is a tremendous amount of things that can go wrong! Painful feet can be an indication of various issues, depending on the type of pain. If you are experiencing sharp pain…
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Different Spinal Injuries
Most people would agree having a back injury can be one of the most painful injuries any human could have. Spinal injuries can not only be extremely painful, but also very difficult to fix. There are many variations of spinal injuries as well as many different cures and remedies, for…
Clinical Skills and Approaches
Diabetes Made Easy : Epomedicine Series
Approach to Uncomplicated Diabetes Mellitus : Simplified Management of Diabetes – GLUCOSE BAD mnemonic DKA : Mnemonic Approach and Clinical Aspects GIK Regimen – Rule of Ten Simplified Guide to Statin Therapy Diabetic Ketosis without Acidosis Diabetic Foot Management
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Wound Healing : Stages
1. Haemostasis (immediate): In response to exposed collagen, platelets aggregate at the wound and degranulate, releasing inflammatory mediators. Clotting and complement cascades activated. Thrombus formation and reactive vasospasm achieve haemostasis. 2. Inflammation (0-3 days): Vasodilatation and increased capillary permeability allow inflammatory cells to enter wound, and cause swelling. Neutrophils amplify inflammatory response by release…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
ESR and CRP in Musculoskeletal infection
ESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate) Usually elevated within 48-72 hours of the infection onset (less reliable in the first 48 hours of infection) Continues to rise for 3-5 days after institution of successful therapy and continuing rise beyond 4th-5th day of treatment can be an indication of treatment failure (not good…
Clinical Skills and Approaches
Common mistakes in Per Abdominal examination
1. Forgetting to Expose abdomen adequately: Before examination, patient should ideally be exposed from the nipples to mid thigh. Failure to do so may lead to missed findings during examination e.g. Hernia 2. Abdominal symmetry and movement: Abdominal symmetry and movement should be examined tangentially and from leg end. Comment…
Emergency Medicine
Polytrauma Assessment and Management (ATLS) : Mnemonics
SIEVE triage system Mnemonic: ABC-30-2 Can Do Approach to assessment and initial management Mnemonic: ARM Adjuncts to Primary Survey Reflects the adequacy of resuscitation. Mnemonic: PEA COVER Primary Survey Follow the look, listen, feel approach – Mnemonic: ABCDE 1. Airway and C-spine protection: 2. Breathing: 3. Circulation and control of…