For the purpose of remembering the clinical manifestations of upper motor neuron lesion (UMNL) and lower motor neuron lesion (LMNL), a mnemonic has already been devised and discussed here. Now, it’s time to understand the anatomical and physiological basis of these manifestations. Upper Motor Neuron Lesion (UMNL) Syndrome Acute Manifestations…
Hilum is an indentation in the surface of a kidney, spleen, or other organ, where blood vessels, ducts, nerve fibers, etc. enter and leave it. Hilum of Lung Mnemonic: VAD (from anterior to posterior) Hilum of Liver (Porta Hepatis) Mnemonic: DAVE (from anterior to posterior) Hilum of Kidney Mnemonic: VAD…
Short external rotators of hip in general originate from sacrum and ischium and insert on and around greater trochanter of femur. Mnemonic: P GO GO Q From proximal, the short external rotators of hip are: Muscle Proximal attachment Distal attachment Innervation Piriformis Sacrum – anterior aspectSacrotuberous ligament Greater trochanter –…