Bilirubin Metabolism Mnemonic: ABCDE 1. Aged RBCs (80-85%) 2. Breakdown to Biliverdin and Bilirubin (in reticuloendothelial system) 3. Circulation 4. Delivery to liver (Conjugation) 5. Excretion and Enterohepatic circulation Unconjugated Vs Conjugated Bilirubin Unconjugated bilirubin Conjugated bilirubin Van den Bergh reaction Indirect Direct Solubility Water insoluble; Lipid soluble Water soluble;…
Mirel’s scoring system rates 4 criteria from 1 to 3 with maximum possible score of 12 to assess the risk of pathological fracture due to metastases and also serves as a guide for considering prophylactic fixation. The parameters of the criteria can be remembered using the mnemonic MIREL’S. M –…
Morrey and Peterson’s Definition of Osteomyelitis Definite osteomyelitis: Positive bone or adjacent soft tissue culture or histologic evidence Probable osteomyelitis: Positive blood culture + Clinical & radiological evidence of osteomyelitis Likely osteomyelitis: Typical clinical and radiographic features of osteomyelitis responding to antibiotic therapy (in absence of positive culture) Peltola and…