Mnemonic: EDWARDS
1. Eighteen trisomy, Elongated skull
2. Digit overlapping with clenched fist
3. Webbing of 2nd and 3rd toes
4. Absent radii, Arthrogryposis
5. Rocker-bottom feet
6. Dysplastic ears, Disability (intellectual), Diseased heart (VSD)
7. Small lower jaw
Crowe Classification Class I: <50% subluxation or proximal displacement <10% of pelvic height Class II: 50-75% subluxation or proximal displacement 10-15% of pelvic height Class III: 75-100% subluxation or proximal displacement 15-20% of pelvic height Class IV: >100% subluxation or proximal displacement >10% of pelvic height and deficient true acetabulum…
Enneking (MSTS) Staging for Malignant Bone Tumors Stage Grade Site Metastasis IA Low Intra-compartmental None IB Low Extra-compartmental None IIA High Intra-compartmental None IIB High Extra-compartmental None III Any Any Regional or Distant Low-grade tumors generally have few mitotic figures, little if any cellular atypia, and have a relatively non-infiltrative…
Osteology Vertebra Body Spinous process Transverse process Typical (C3-6) Relatively small; oval; uncinate process superiorly Bifid Has foramen transversarium, Has anterior and posterior tubercle separated by groove for spinal nerve (large anterior tubercle in C6 called Carotid/Chassaignac tubercle) Atlas (C1) None; Ring (2 lateral masses connected by anterior & posterior…
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