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Mnemonics, Simplified Concepts & Thoughts

Clinical Skills and Approaches

Bulbocavernosus Reflex (BCR)

Epomedicine, Jun 14, 2020Jun 14, 2020

Synonyms: Bulbospongiosus reflex (BSR), Osinski reflex Reflex arc: a. Stimulus: Briskly squeezing glans penis or clitoris or Tugging Foley’s catheter (pulling the balloon of foley’s catheter against the bladder neck) b. Afferent: Sensory fibers of pudendal nerve c. Reflex center: S2-S4 spinal segments (Polysynaptic) d. Efferent: Motor fibers of pudendal…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Micturition reflex

Epomedicine, Jun 13, 2020Sep 24, 2022

Micturition (Urination) is the ejection of urine from the urinary bladder through the urethra to the outside of the body. It is a type of reflex with voluntary control. The micturition cycle occurs in 2 phases: Urinary Storage Mnemonic: Storage = Sympathetic 1. Stimulus: Urine filling until tension in the…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Synovial Fluid Analysis – Made Easy

Epomedicine, Jun 13, 2020Jun 13, 2020

What investigations to order for synovial fluid sample? Mnemonic: 5 Cs Chemistry (pH, LDH, glucose, protein) Cell counts Cytology Culture Crystals Interpretation of synovial fluid analysis Gross Normal Non-inflammatory Inflammatory Septic Crystal Hemorrhagic Volume (ml) <3.5 >3.5 >3.5 >3.5 >3.5 >3.5 Viscosity High High Low Variable Variable Variable Color Colorless…

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Case Reports

Partial Exchange transfusion for Neonate with Polycythemia

Dr. Pedchrome, Jun 12, 2020Jun 12, 2020

A Late preterm, 36 weeks by gestation and small for gestation age was delivered via Cesarean section for Oligohydramnios. At birth the Apgar was 9/10, 9/10 and the baby was shifted to mother side and planned for Sugar monitoring. Hemoglobin and Packed cell volume was sent at 2 hours.Baby was…

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Clinical Skills and Approaches sectoral sign

Sectoral Sign : AVN hip

Epomedicine, Jun 11, 2020Jun 11, 2020

The rotation of the hip must be assessed both with the hip in flexion and extension as well. In general, the range of motion for rotations are 5 to 10 degrees more in flexion compared to that in extension of hip. If the range of motion for rotation varies between…

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Clinical Skills and Approaches

History Taking : A Basic Clinical Skill

Dr. Kanwal Mushtaq, MBBS, Jun 11, 2020Jun 11, 2020

As a Doc. whenever you treat a patient, the success of treatment depends upon whether you come up with the right diagnosis or at least a right set of differential diagnoses. To achieve the above mention goal the KEY is EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION. And I can talk to you for an…

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Blog

Risks to Babies born to Diabetic Mothers

Dr. Pedchrome, Jun 9, 2020Jun 9, 2020

Diabetes in a mother can either occur before the pregnancy – pregestational diabetes or during the pregnancy – gestational diabetes. High blood sugar level in mother is not just harmful to her but also to the baby developing in her womb. HAZARDS DURING INTRAUTERINE LIFE 1. Congenital Anomalies or Birth…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Blood Supply of Talus

Epomedicine, Jun 9, 2020Jun 9, 2020

3 Main Arteries Extraosseous and intraosseous anastomoses formed by 3 main arteries: Posterior tibial artery ~ 17% contribution Anterior tibial (dorsalis pedis) artery ~ 36% contribution Perforating peroneal artery ~ 47% contribution Major Branches Tarsal sinus artery: Arises from – Dorsalis pedis artery (frequently) or Lateral tarsal artery (branch of…

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