A 12 year old female came with complaints of multiple joint pain for 10 days which started in the left knee and resolved within 3…
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Cardiovascular system
Jugular Venous Pulse and Pressure (JVP) Examination
Definition of Jugular venous Pulse and Pressure Jugular venous pulse is defined as the oscillating top of vertical column of blood in the right Internal…
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Pallor
Synonyms: Paleness Definition of Pallor Pallor is the paleness of skin and mucous membranes, due to the reduced amount of oxyhemoglobin or decreased peripheral perfusion.…
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ECG changes in Pulmonary embolism
Synonyms: Pulmonary artery embolism, Pulmonary embolus, PE Definition: A pulmonary embolus (PE) is a blood clot that embolizes to the lungs. When a clot from…
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ECG changes in Hypothermia
Synonyms: Accidental hypothermia, Neurotensin-induced hypothermia, Endogenous cryogen-induced hypothermia, Hypoxia-induced hypothermia, Primary hypothermia, Secondary hypothermia Definition: The normal body temperature is around 37 c or 98.6…
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ECG changes in Hyperkalemia
Synonym: Hyperpotassemia Definition: Serum potassium (K+) > 5 mEq/l Electrophysiologic basis of ECG changes: In patients with mild hyperkalemia, potassium conductance (IKr) through potassium channels…
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Basics of ECG- Interpretation of waves and intervals
A normal ECG is electrical representation of a normal heart beat or sinus rhythm. The cardiac action potential causing deporalization and repolarization of various cardiac…
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