Murmur is a low, indistinct sound. In terms of medicine, it is the sound produced due to turbulent flow within the heart and great vessels. They are described and named in relation to the normal heart sounds, location, and quality. Please go through these articles before reading further: Heart Sounds…
Tag: Cardiovascular system
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Calcium Channel Blockers : Mnemonic
Dihydropyridines Mnemonics:a. D for “-dipine”b. D for Dilation of vessels Nifedipine Nicardipine Isradipine Felodipine Amlodipine Non-dihydropyridines Mnemonics:a. N-D for Non “-dipines”b. N-D for Node supression + Dilation of vessels Verapamil Diltiazem
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Cardiology Mnemonics
INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS INDICATIONS FOR SURGERY A: Aortic valve, Annular Abscess B: Block (heart block), Bacteremia (persistent) C: Complications, CCF D: Destructive penetrating lesion E: Emboli F: Fever despite appropriate antibiotics, Fungus G: Growing vegetations H: Heart failure, Highly resistant organisms PROSTHETIC HEART VALVES COMPLICATIONS: VIP BEAST V: Valve Obstruction I: INR monitoring, Infective Endocarditis P: Paravalvular…
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Simplified Guide to Statin Therapy
Statins Equivalent Dose Mnemonic: PRASLPF 2-5-10-20-40-40-80 Pituvastatin 2 mg Rosuvastatin 5 mg Atorvastatin 10 mg Simvastatin 20 mg Lovastatin 40 mg Pravastatin 40 mg Fluvastatin 80 mg Intensity of Statins a. High intensity (LDL lowering >/= 50%) Atorvastatin 40-80 mg Rosuvastatin 20-40 mg b. Moderate intenstity (LDL lowering 30-49%) Atorvastatin…
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Beta-Blockers : Mnemonics
We have 1 heart and 2 lungs. a. B1 – heartb. B2 – bronchial wall Cardioselective (B1) vs Non-selective (B1 and B2) beta blockers Beta blockers with 1st letter from A to N are Cardioselective: Acebutolol Atenolol Bispoprolol Betaxolol Celiprolol Esmolol Metoprolol Nebivolol Nebivolol = NO donor Beta blockers with…
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ECG Axis Determination : Mnemonic
Lead I = left (0 degrees)Lead aVF = floor (90 degrees) Lead I +ve and Lead aVF +ve = Between 0-90 degrees (Normal axis) Lead I -ve and Lead aVF +ve = Between 90-180 degrees (Right axis deviation) Lead I +ve and Lead aVF -ve = Between 0 to -90…
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Bundle Branch Block : Mnemonic
If the QRS complex is wide (>0.12 s/>3 small squares), the ventricular activity may be arising from the ventricle conducting system. caused by a ‘bundle branch block’. WiLLiaM MaRRoW (classic mnemonic) Wi – V1LL – LBBBM – V6 M – V1RR – RBBBW – V6 ViLLheiM MaRRooN (more accurate) V…
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JVP Mnemonics
Jugular venous pulse (JVP) waveforms a – Atrial contraction (RA) c – Closure and Curving of tricuspid valve into RA x – atrial relaXation v – Venous filling of right atrium (RA) y – atrial emptYing Distinguishing JVP from Internal carotid pulsation Mnemonic: POLICE Palpation: Non-palpable Occlussion: Readily occludable Location:…