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Mnemonics, Simplified Concepts & Thoughts

PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS PPV NPV baye

Baye’s theorem derived PPV and NPV

Epomedicine, May 28, 2019Oct 26, 2022

Let’s unveil the mathematics behind the relation between: Prevalence (Pre-test probability) Predictive value (Post-test probability) Sensitivity Specificity SYMBOLS: Total screened population = nPrevalence = PSensitivity = SnSpecificity = SpTrue positive = TPTrue negative = TNFalse positive = FPFalse negative = FNWith disease = D+Without disease = D-Positive predictive value =…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS screening multiple

Screening tests in Series and Parallel

Epomedicine, May 28, 2019Aug 24, 2024

A. Parallel testing 2 screening tests are applied simultaneously: So, this test will have: B. Series testing After the 1st screening test is conducted, those who test positive are only tested with the 2nd screening test: So, this test will have: Formulae for combined specificity and sensitivity A. Parallel testing:…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS SDG goal 3

Sustainable Development Goal 3 – Points to Remember

Epomedicine, May 27, 2019Aug 13, 2024

Total SDG goals: 17 Time frame: 2016-2030 Goal 3: Good health and well beings for all ages Important targets of Goal 3 (Targeted by 2030) A. Maternal and Child health (MCH) Mnemonic: 12 letters in “NEONATE DEATH or NEWBORN DEATH“. 1. NMR reduction target: 122. U5MR reduction target: 12 X…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS key indicators nepal

Key Health Indicators of Nepal to Remember (NDHS, 2022)

Epomedicine, May 26, 2019Aug 12, 2024

These rates, ratios and proportions are often questioned in PGMEE, pediatrics, obstetrics and preventive and social medicine (PSM) or community medicine examinations. NDHS = National Demographic and Health Survey a. Neonatal mortality rate (NMR): 21 per 1000 live births (i.e. 3/4 of infant deaths) b. Infant mortality rate (IMR): 28…

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Blog haiti to nepal

United Nation’s Peacekeeping Mission – A Doctor’s Story

Dr. Sulabh Kumar Shrestha, MS Orthopedics, May 24, 2019Dec 30, 2021

In a very short notice to be prepared, we left home for the residential pre-deployment training on January, 2018. In the freezing cold of the winter, we started our day in the early morning with P.T (Physical Training). We attended various sessions, which made us familiar on the topics of…

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Blog pediatric OPD

Pediatric OPD is a Challenge : Treating the Child and Meeting Parents expectations

Dr. Pedchrome, May 24, 2019May 24, 2019

Scenario A concerned mother brings her 3 year child to the Outpatient Clinic; the child has had fever for 1 day, running nose and cough for 2 days. There are no other serious complaints and findings on examination are all normal, except for the running nose and a low grade…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS philadelphia chromosome

Oncogenic Translocations to remember

Epomedicine, May 23, 2019May 23, 2019

t(8;14): Burkitt’s lymphoma t(14;18): Follicular lymphoma t(11;14): Mantle cell lymphoma t(11,18): Marginal zone lymphoma (MALT lymphoma) t(9;22): CML (Philadelphia chromosome), Bad prognosis ALL t(8;21): AML M2 t(15;17): AML M3 (Promyelocytic AML) t(X;18): Synovial cell sarcoma t(11;22): Ewing’s sarcoma t(12;21): Pre-B ALL (good prognosis ALL) t(4;11) and t(1;19): Bad prognosis ALL

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS coombs test

Coomb’s test : Mnemonic

Dr. Sulabh Kumar Shrestha, MS Orthopedics, May 23, 2019May 23, 2019

Components of Coomb’s test: Mnemonic: ABCD A: Antibody (to be detected) B: Blood antigen (RBC) C: Coomb’s reagent (Anti-antibody) D: Detect agglutination Direct Coomb’s/Antiglobulin test (DAT or DCT): Mnemonic: In DAT/DCT we take A+B from patient and add C [(A+B) + C] Another Mnemonic: DCBA (Direct Coomb’s detect Blood Bound…

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