All follicular except large cell: Low grade
All diffuse: Intermediate grade
Blastic and non-cleaved: High grade
Working formulation of NHL (Mnemonic)
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
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Lung Volumes and Capacities : Mnemonic
Mnemonic: 6 LITERs Lung Capacity (TLC = 6L) = Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV = 3.3 L) + Tidal volume (TV = 0.5 L) + Expiratory reserve volume (ERV = 1 L) + Reserve volume (RV = 1.2 L) Mnemonic: There are 4 lung volumes that do not overlap and 4…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
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Hodgkin’s Lymphoma – Staging and Prognostic Factors
Costwold Modified Ann-Arbor Staging I: 1 Lymph Node (LN) region (I) or 1 Extralymphatic site (IE) II: On the same side of diaphragm – ≥2 LN region (II) or Localized Extralymphatic extension + ≥1 LN region (IIE) III: On both the sides of diaphragm – LN regions (III) ± Spleen involvement (IIIS) ± Localized…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
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Z-effect and Reverse Z-effect in PFN
‘Z-effect’ and ‘Reverse Z-effect’ are complications relating to differential migration of screws that arise from fixation of unstable proximal femoral fractures with Proximal Femoral Nail (PFN) having 2 interlocking head screws. The 4 patterns of unstable intertrochanteric fracture hip are: Z-effect: The Z-effect involves the lateral migration of the lag…