Mnemonic: I HEAL
Mnemonic: MNM
Lesions outside the thecal sac are categorized as extradural lesions. Remember that everything that isn’t in the thecal sac is extradural, including discs, bones, nerves, and blood vessels.
Tendon transfer is the use of the power of a functioning muscle unit to activate a non-functioning nerve/muscle/tendon unit. The transferred tendon remains attached to its parent muscle with an intact neurovascular pedicle. Mnemonic: SEACOAST-1 a. Synergistic: act together to produce a single composite movement (facilitate each other). e.g. b….
Thiocolchicoside is widely used in acute muscular low back pain due to its fast-acting and less sedative profile. Tizanidine is better suited for chronic cases but requires monitoring due to sedative and hepatic effects. Baclofen is more useful for spasticity of CNS origin and is less commonly used for routine…
Mnemonic: Remember “S” for Scheurmann Structural kyphosis (sagittal deformity) of thoracic or thoracolumbar spine Skeletally immature sons (0.4-10% of adolescents between 10-14 years; onset with prepubertal growth spurt; M:F = 2-7:1) Strong hereditary (genetic) predisposition and Several theories: Scheurmann’s vertebral epiphyseal disturbance theory Schmorl’s nodes (herniation of disc material into…