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Mnemonics, Simplified Concepts & Thoughts

Ketamine : Mnemonic

Epomedicine, Feb 11, 2023Feb 11, 2023

Last updated on February 11, 2023

ketamine flowchart
Source: Ketamine | Calgary Guide (ucalgary.ca) [CC BY-NC-SA]

K: Kids (Induction agent of choice in children)

E: Emergence reaction (floating sensations, vivid dreams and hallucination; reduced using benzodiazepines), Enantiomers (S-Ketamine and R-Ketamine)

T: Thalamo-cortical dissociation with limbic system causing dissociative anesthesia

A: Analgesic, Amnesic, Antidepressant, All routes (IV, IM, PO, Intranasal, Epidural, Intrathecal)

M: Meals – can be given after meals, Muscarinic receptor antagonist (increased secretions, bronchodilation), Metabolism (primary) – hepatic

I: Increases all pressures (BP, ICP, IOP)

N: NMDA (N-Methyl-D-Aspartate) Glutamate receptor blocker, Norketamine (Major metabolite), Nausea/vomiting (due to increased concentration of DA/5HT in synaptic junctions)

E: Excretion (primary) – renal

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS AnesthesiaEmergency medicinePharmacology

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Epomedicine. Ketamine : Mnemonic [Internet]. Epomedicine; 2023 Feb 11 [cited 2025 May 28]. Available from: https://epomedicine.com/medical-students/ketamine-mnemonic/.

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