Relative Potency in Omeprazole Equivalent (OE) Mnemonic: PLOwER Pantoprazole (4.5 mg OE) Lansoprazole (13.5 mg OE) Omeprazole (20 mg OE) Esomeprazole (32 mg OE) Rabeprazole (36 mg OE) Side effects of PPI Mnemonic: KFC Kidney (Acute interstitial nephritis) Fractures (Hypochlorhydria leading to decreased serum calcium) C. difficile infection Besides, it…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Trichomycosis Axillaris : Malodorous yellowish armpit hair
Synonym: Trichobateriosis axillaris, Bacterial trichonodosis, Trychomycosis palmellina Definition: Asymptomatic superficial bacterial infection (mycosis is a misnomer because it is not a fungal infection) primarily of the axillary hairs (can also occur in pubic, perianal and scalp hair) caused by Corynebacterium sp. Causative organism: Corynebacterium species particularly Corynebacterium flavescens Mode of infection: Bacteria…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Mnemonic based Clinical Diagnosis of Covid-19
Mnemonic: Covid-MATCH65 Covid-19 patient exposure or international travel: 2.5 points Myalgia/Malaise: 1 point Anosmia or Aguesia: 2.5 points Temperature (any reported fever): 0.5 point Coryza/sore throat: -1 point Hypoxia – oxygen saturation <97%: 1 point 65 years or older: 1 point Scoring assessment: <1 = Low risk (0.5%) 1-1.5 =…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Wound Myiasis (Maggot Infestation)
Myiasis is defined as the infestation of live vertebrates (humans and/or animals) with dipterous larvae. The order Diptera is a large order of insects that are commonly known as true flies. Myiasis may be classified clinically into: Wound myiasis occurs when fly larvae infest open wounds of a mammalian host….
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Is Fever a contraindication for Blood transfusion?
In medical schools, we learn many things without knowing the actual reason behind it. One of them is the pre-transfusion fever in a patient being planned for blood transfusion which is considered as a contraindication for it in many departments and health centers. So, the questions that came into my…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Opioid Adverse Effects – Mnemonic
Mnemonic: MORPHINES 1. Miosis Mechanism: Stimulation of Edinger-Westphal nucleus of Cranial nerve III 2. Orthostatic hypotension Mechanism: Vasodilation due to – Direct action decreasing tone of blood vessels Histamine release Depression of vasomotor center 3. Respiratory depression Mechanism: Inhibits respiratory center in a dose-dependent manner (neurogenic, hypercapneic and hypoxic drives…
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L-PRF for Chronic Wounds
L-PRF (Leukocyte-platelet rich fibrin) is a second generation platelet reach concentrate where autologous platelets and leukocytes are present in a 3D fibrin mesh which is used as a scaffold by surrounding host cells and which slowly releases growth factors and glycoproteins (≥ 7 days). It is processed without the anticoagulant,…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Diagnosis of Spinal Instability (White & Panjabi) : Mnemonic
Mnemonic: Remember 4 D common to all + 3 D for C-spine and 1 D for L-spine Diagnosis requires: Score >4 Denis column disruption: Anterior column destroyed or unable to function (2 points) Posterior column destroyed or unable to function (2 points) Deformity: Will have a maximum score of 4…