Definition of Apoptosis Apoptosis is: Energy (ATP) – dependent, genetically Programmed Cell Death (PCD) in which, Cells activate enzymes that degrade the cells’ own nuclear…
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Complement System Simplified
The complement system is composed of about 20 different proteins released into the blood after production in the liver. They interact in coordinated and regulated way…
Explore more Complement System SimplifiedPronator Drift (Barre’s sign) : Neurological Examination
Components of pronator drift Progress from distal to proximal: Downward arm drift Forearm pronation Flexion of the wrist and elbow Method of assessment for pronator…
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Definition of clonus Clonus is a rhythmic sustained involuntary muscular contractions (generally 5-8 Hz) evoked by sudden passive stretch of the muscle and tendon. Unsustained…
Explore more Clonus : Clinical Examination and MechanismChest Tube Insertion or Tube Thoracostomy
Indications of chest tube insertion Pneumothorax: In any ventilated patient (positive airway pressure will force air into the pleural cavity and produce tension pneumothorax) Tension…
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Indications Gastric decompression Gavage (feeding) Gastric lavage (irrigation or dilution of gastric contents) Sampling of the gastric contents for analysis Sometimes used to instil air…
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