Mnemonic: 1. 1 is Less 2. 2 is Two 3. 3 is Pre- 4. 4 is Door 5. 5 is 5 letter (NSAID) Type Mnemonic Location Acid hypersecretion Complications Surgery I (55%) Less Lesser curvature No Bleeding uncommon Distal gastrectomy with BI, BII or RY GJ anastomosis II (20%) Two…
Tag: General Surgery
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Meckel’s Diverticulum : Rule of 2
General description Rule of 2s 1. Occurs in 2% population 2. Symptomatic cases are 2 times more common in males 3. Located within 2 feet proximal to ileocecal valve 4. 2 inches long and 2 cm diameter 5. 2 types of ectopic mucosa: gastric and pancreatic 6. Symptomatic only in…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Electrosurgery Notes
Terminologies Electrosurgery modalities Modality Electrode configuration Waveform Indications Remarks DC Electrocautery Patients with ICDs and pacemakers No current passes through patient (direct heat transference to tissue) AC Unaltered sine wave a. High voltage, Low ampere Can be tolerated in patients with pacemakers at low dosage Electrodessication Monoterminal Markedly damped Superficial…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Bile duct injuries – Mnemonic
Strasberg and Bismuth classification A – bile leak from part ATTACHED to biliary tree (cystic duct or duct of Luschka) B – BLOCK in part of biliary tree C – bile leak from CUT-OFF duct (not in communication) with the biliary tree D – DEFECT (<50%) in common hepatic duct…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Femoral Hernia : Mnemonic
Mnemonic: FEMORAL Females (4 times more common) Elderly McEvedey operation (incision above inguinal ligament – preferred in emergency intervention due to easy access to compromised bowel for any resection if required) Obstruction/incarceration/strangulation risk is higher (rigid walls of femoral ring) Richter’s hernia – most common location Above inguinal ligament –…
Emergency Medicine 
Burn Injury : Mnemonic Approach (ATLS)
Mnemonic: BURNS Burn depth and body surface area (BSA) Burn degree Burn depth Features Healing Mnemonic: Number of degrees = Number of structures involved Mnemonic: RBCS 1st Superficial (epidermis only) Red <1 wk 2nd Partial thickness – superficial (epidermis + papillary dermis) Blister + Blanches 1-3 wks Partial thickness –…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Organ Transplant Complications and Rejection
Types of Transplant Rejection Type Time Mechanism Pathology Hypersensitivity Management Host against Graft (Host vs Graft) Mnemonic: TIA Hyperacute Immediate (<5 days) Anti-donor antibodies in recipient Thrombosis and Obliteration of blood supply Type II UntreatablePrevent by cross-matchingRemove graft Acute (most common) < 6 months (most common in 1st month) Anti-donor…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Superficial and Deep Perineal Space or Pouch
Superficial and deep perineal space is located in the urogenital triangle, the boundaries of which are: Analogy: Remember a big mac. It has 3 layers of BUN and 2 hamburger PATTIES. Posteriorly, all 3 Fascias are attached to the perineal body, closing the spaces. Superficial Perineal Space Mnemonics: 1. Superficial…