Upper end of humerus Mnemonic: HGL – 1,3,5 a. Head – by 1 year b. Greater tuberosity – by 3 years c. Lesser tuberosity – by 5 years All 3 centers fuse together by 6 years (1 year after the last center appears) Upper end of femur Mnemonic: HGL –…
Tag: Pediatrics
Section Editor: Dr. Sujit Kumar Shrestha, MD Pediatrics, Fellowship Neonatology
Clinical Skills and Approaches
New Ballard Score: How to use it correctly?
Assessment of gestational age can be made postnatally by either Dubowitz Score or New Ballard Scoring system. In sick infants, examination of Anterior lens canpsule vascularity with a +20D lens can be useful in assessing gestation and it needs to be carried out within 24 hours of birth. Dr Jeanne…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Amylase and Lipase in Acute Pancreatitis
Test Rise Peak Return to baseline Lipase 4-6 hours 48 8-14 days Amylase 2-4 hours 24-48 5-7 days Serum lipase elevation has a better diagnostic value as compared to serum amylase due to its superior specificity. Amylase has a low molecular weight and as a result can easily pass through…
Emergency Medicine
Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) Poisoning: Mnemonic Approach
Rule of 150 and 4 a. Begin treatment if: Paracetamol is ingested at a dose >150 mg/kg Threshold to begin treatment is half the dose (75 mg/kg) in high risk cases: 1. Regular ethanol consumption: >21 Units/week in male and >14 Units/week in female 2. Regular use of enzyme inducing…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Dengue Classification : Mnemonic
Probable Dengue Mnemonic: FEVeR TLC (Send Total Leukocyte Count in Fever) a. Feverb. Endemic area (living or travel)and 2 of –c. Vomiting and nausead. Rashe. Tourniquet test positivef. Leukopenia (EARLIEST sign)g. Cramps and cries (Aches and pains) Tourniquet test: Inflate the BP cuff between SBP and DBP and keep it…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Hyponatremia : SIADH vs Cerebral Salt Wasting Syndrome
SIADH causes Mnemonic: SIADH Surgery Intracranial – Infection, Head injury, CVA Alveolar – Carcinoma, Pus Drugs – Opiates, Antiepileptics, Cytotoxics, Anti-psychotics Hormonal – Hypothyroid, Low corticosteroid level SIADH diagnostic criteria Mnemonic: SOD-IUM/S Serum Osmollity Decreased (<275 mOsm/kg) Increased Urine Molality/osmolality (>100 mOsm/kg) Increased Urine Sodium/Na+ (>40 Meq/L) Others: Euvolemic (Normal…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Clinical Criteria for Diagnosis of Enteric Fever
In the Absence of Microbiological Confirmation, these case defintions and criteria may be helpful. Case definitions of Typhoid Fever a. Confirmed enteric fever: A patient with persistent fever (38 °C or more) lasting 3 or more days, with laboratory-confirmed S. typhi organisms (blood, bone marrow, bowel fluid) A clinical compatible…
Clinical Skills and Approaches
Hyponatremia Correction: Rules and Mnemonics
Corrected sodium level When hyperglycemia is present, the underlying sodium concentration (corrected sodium concentration) can be estimated by adding 1.6-2.4 mEq/L (average of 2 mEq/L) to the reported sodium concentration for every 100 mg/dl increase in plasma glucose above 100 mg/dl. E.g. In a patient with Na+ level, 145 and…