Mnemonic: Cross your long fingers over the index finger and superimpose this hand over your ipsilateral knee. This will help us to remember the orientation of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) of knee. Also remember the mnemonic “LAMP” which means Lateral ACL and Medial PCL….
Tag: Orthopedics
Section Editor: Dr. Sulabh Kumar Shrestha, MBBS, PGY1 Orthopedics
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Schatzker classification for Tibial plateau fracture : Mnemonic
Schatzker system is widely accepted and used to classify tibial plateau fractures. It is based on a 2D representation of the fracture. As a general rule, it can be divided into low-energy and lateral tibial plateau variants (types I-III) and high energy variants (type IV-VI). However, it does not include…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Mirel’s Criteria or Score – Mnemonic
Mirel’s scoring system rates 4 criteria from 1 to 3 with maximum possible score of 12 to assess the risk of pathological fracture due to metastases and also serves as a guide for considering prophylactic fixation. The parameters of the criteria can be remembered using the mnemonic MIREL’S. M –…
Clinical Skills and Approaches 
Simplified ASIA Impairment Scale
Check S4-5 S4-5: Perianal area <1 cm lateral to the mucocutaneous junction (taken as one level) 1. Sensory (-) and Motor (-): AIS A (Complete)i.e. N-0-0-0-0-N sign (No sacral sparing) 2. Sensory (+) and Motor (-): AIS Bi.e. Sensory (+) means any sensation present in S4/S5 or anal sensation Motor…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Elbow ligaments : Simplified Anatomy
Lateral collateral ligament complex Restraint to varus and posterolateral rotatory instability. Anatomy is more variable. LCL arises from lateral humeral condyle at a point through which the axis of rotation passes – it maintains a uniform tension throughout the arc of motion. Annular ligament is a “U” shaped ligament that…
Emergency Medicine 
Pulled elbow reduction
Synonyms: Nursemaid’s elbow, Radial head subuluxation, Elbow subluxation Age: Commonly 1-4 years After 5 years of age, the attachment of the annular ligament to the neck of the radius strengthens Enlargement of the proximal radial epiphysis with growth may also improve stability Presentation: History of pull may be absent in…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
6 Ps and 3 As of Compartment Syndrome
Clinical features A. Adolescents and Adults Mnemonic: 6 Ps (by Hargens and Mubarak) Pain (may be absent in cases of nerve damage): Pain out of proportion to other physical findings (requiring increasing analgesic requirement) *: Earliest symptom Pain on passive stretch of the muscles in concerned compartment * Low sensitivity…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
General Principles – Pediatric Fracture Management
Children are not just mini-adults • Higher head to torso ratio: Head injury & Upper C-spine fractures • Light weight – projectile when struck • BSA to Wt. ratio – higher (rapid hypothermia) • Large cardiopulmonary reserves – normal SBP in significant hypovolemia Growth contribution by Proximal & Distal Physes…