Views Standard: Supine AP and Latero-lateral (LL) views – thoracic or lumbar Thoracic: Lateral (Fulcrum) bending views: to determine the flexibility of curves in scoliosis Lumbar: De Seze view (Lumbopelvic view): Standing AP and LL – shows T11 to head of femur Dynamic lateral (flexion-extension) views: for instability Oblique views…
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5 Benefits Of Ashwagandha Capsules
With centuries of reliable historical evidence, adaptogens have been proven to effectively manage and treat a host of conditions caused by body stressors. Ancient societies such as the Chinese, Indians, Native Americans have been using these plants with positive results. Hence, modern medicine embraces these alternative medicines that are effective…
Clinical Skills and Approaches
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WIPERS mnemonic for starting patient examination
A useful approach before examining any patient, using the mnemonic WIPER. 1. Wind up clothes above elbow, Withdraw all jewelry and Wash your hands. 2. Introduce yourself. 3. Purpose and Permission – explain purpose and gain verbal consent (permission) to proceed with the examination. 4. Expose the patient as needed….
Clinical Skills and Approaches
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Thoracolumbar Metastases Management : Mnemonic Approach
The primary malignancies that commonly metastasize to the spine can be recalled using the mnemonic: PB KTL (or “Lead Kettle”. Prostate Breast Kidney Thyroid Lungs In women, 80% metastases are from lung and breast and in men, 80% are from lung and prostate. LMNOP approach A. Location/Level 80% involve well-vascularized…
Surgical Skills
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Techniques of Securing Surgical Drain to Skin (Drain Fixation)
Choice of Suture: Non-absorbable (braided suture provides slightly superior grip on tubing than monofilament sutures) Technique 1: Create a series of knots around the drain. The long end of the thread (attached to the needle) is passed through the skin directly next to the drain exit site, to create a…
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Expert Tips To Treat Severe Eczema Breakouts At Home
Eczema is common for young children, although some carry the skin condition into later life. Severe or persistent eczema can cause distress and embarrassment. It is one of the most tricky skin conditions to rectify and manage. However, that does not mean that all hope is lost. On the contrary,…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
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Acute Undifferentiated Febrile Illness – Mnemonic
Acute undifferentiated febrile illnesses (AUFI) are characterised by fever of less than two weeks’ duration without organ-specific symptoms at the onset. Mnemonic MA-ESR lists the five main disease groups that cause acute undifferentiated febrile illnesses a. Malaria: Including all malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum, P vivax, P ovale, P malariae,…
Surgical Skills
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How to make tourniquet for fingers using latex gloves?
Method 1: Digital block Painting with antiseptic solution Application of sterile latex gloves (slightly larger than the patient’s hand) on the patient’s hand A tiny piece of glove fingertip is snipped off to create a 1- to 2-mm hole With very gentle pulling—by either the forceps or the surgeon’s fingers—the…