| Type | Description | Treatment |
| 1 | Boutonniere (most common) | Synovectomy with extensor hood reconstruction; MCP fusion or arthroplasty |
| 2 | Boutonniere with CMC subluxation (uncommon; Type 1 + Type 3) | Same as type 1 and type 3 |
| 3 | Swan neck deformity (2nd most common) | Splinting vs CMC arthroplasty; MCP fusion |
| 4 | Gamekeeper deformity | Synovectomy/UCL reconstruction or Fusion |
| 5 | Swan neck with MCP disease | Fusion of MCPJ |
| 6 | Arthritis mutilans | Arthrodesis |
Synonyms: Submaxillary gland (SMG), Mandibular gland Definition: Submandibular glands are one of the major salivary glands comprised of mixed serous and mucous acini and located below the lower border of the body of mandible. It is the second largest salivary gland and produces approximately 70% of the saliva. Location: Submandibular triangle…
Volume of aqueous: 0.25 ml (Anterior chamber) + 0.06 ml (Posterior chamber) Composition of aqueous: similar to plasma except- higher concentration of ascorbate, pyruvate and lactate lower concentration of protein, urea and glucose Functions of aqueous: Maintains Intra-ocular Pressure (IOP) Provides nutrition to avascular lens and cornea Optical transparency Place…
DEFINITION OF CARDIAC FAILURE It is a state in which there is: a. Forward failure: inability of heart to maintain cardiac output sufficient to meet the metabolic demands of peripheral tissues AND/OR b. Backward failure: ability to do so with elevated filling pressure PATHOGENESIS OF CARDIAC FAILURE 1. Myocyte loss…