Branches of Celiac trunk, Superior and Inferior mesenteric arteries and veins

Celiac trunk (T12)

Mnemonic: LHS (Left Hand Side)
Supplies Foregut (Upto opening of bile duct in 2nd part of duodenum)

1. Left gastric artery

• Esophageal branches
• Gastric branches

2. Hepatic artery (common)

• Gastroduodenal artery
  • Supraduodenal artery
  • Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
  • Right gastro-epiploic artery
• Hepatic artery proper
  • Right gastric artery
  • Left hepatic artery
  • Right hepatic artery
    • Cystic artery

3. Splenic artery

• Splenic branches
• Pancreatic branches (body and tail)
• Short gastric branches
• Left gastro-epiploic artery

Superior Mesenteric Artery (L1)

Mnemonic: IMRIS
Supplies Midgut (Upto proximal 2/3 of transverse colon)

1. Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery

2. Middle colic artery

3. Right colic artery

4. Ileo-colic artery

5. Small intestinal branches (Ileal and Jejunal)

Inferior Mesenteric Artery (L3)

Mnemonic: LeSS
Supplies Hindgut (Upto anal canal above pectinate line)

1. Left colic artery

2. Sigmoidal artery

3. Superior rectal artery

Collateral pathways:

The collateral pathways of the mesenteric arterial circulation include the pancreatico–duodenal arcade, arc of Riolan, arc of Buhler, arc of Barkow, and the marginal artery of Drummond.

1. Kirk’s arcade: Dorsal pancreatic artery + Inferior pancreatico-duodenal arteries
2. Arc of Buhler: Celiac artery + Superior mesenteric artery
3. Arc of Barkow: Left gastroepiploic artery + Right gastroepiploic artery
4. Arc of Riolan: Superior mesenteric artery (middle colic artery) + Inferior mesenteric artery
5. Marginal artery of Drummond: Terminal branches of SMA + Terminal branches of IMA

Critical points:

1. Sudeck’s critical point (rectosigmoid junction): At the point of origin of last sigmoidal arterial branch from IMA
2. Griffith’s critical point (splenic flexure): At the site of watershed anastomosis between ascending left colic artery and marginal artery of Drummond

Venous counterparts