Malignant Melanoma Diagnosis or Clinical features: Mnemonic: ABCDE Risk factors: Mnemonic: MM RISK Pathologic Types: Mnemonic: Melanoma Always Spreads to Nodes (in order of worsening prognosis) Mnemonic Type Incidence Site Growth pattern Melanoma Maligna – lentiginous 10-15% Face (Precursor – Hutchison’s freckles/lentigo maligna) long in-situ stage before vertical growth Always…
Author: Epomedicine
Blog
5 Ways to Treat Scoliosis without Surgery
Scoliosis is diagnosed when a sideways curvature of the spine exceeds 10 degrees. Your doctor will usually perform a physical examination and X-rays. Fortunately, apart from surgery, there are other practical noninvasive methods you could explore to improve the spinal alignment and ensure an enhanced quality of life. Here are…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Jod-Basedow Phenomenon vs Wolff-Chaikoff Effect : Mnemonic
Jod = Addition in Hindi or Nepali = Iodine induced Hyperthyroidisim ChaikOFF = Thyroid hormone synthesis is switched OFF = Iodine induced Hypothyroidisim Mechanism Jod-Basedow Wolff-Chaikoff Pre-requisite Abnormal thyroid gland free from pituitary control Thyroid gland under pituitary control Conditions Endemic goitre, Grave’s disease, Toxic multinodular goitre, Thyroid adenoma Normal…
Clinical Skills and Approaches
ABG Sampling (Radial Artery)
Start with WIPERS Then ABG 1. Allen’s test (modified): In case of Positive Allen’s test: DO NOT puncture radial artery 2. Bad things: 3. Gather equipment needed Then Procedure 1. Position: 2. Site preparation: 3. Local anesthesia (skin): Offer the patient local anesthesia – 4. ABG sampling: 5. Post sampling:
Blog
Getting it Right with Fertility and IVF
Embarking on the journey of fertility and in vitro fertilisation (IVF) can be daunting, yet it’s a path trodden by many with hope and aspiration. In the realm of assisted reproductive technology, IVF stands out as a beacon of hope for numerous couples and individuals yearning to start or grow…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Hypertrophic Scar vs Keloid
Hypertrophic scars and keloids are both raised, firm scars formed from excess fibrinogen production and collagen during healing. Mnemonic: BAD SCARS Mnemonic Basis Hypertrophic scar Keloid B Behavior Natural regression No spontaneous regressio A Acuteness Appears in weeks Appears over months to years D Demographic All races affected More prevalent…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Severity Scores for Acute Pancreatitis : Mnemonics
Modified Glasgow-Imrie Score Severe pancreatitis likely: 3 or more of the following within 48 hours of symptom onset Mnemonic: PANCREAS Mnemonic Criteria Positive when P PaO2 <60 mmHg A Age >55 years N Neutrophils (WBC) >15,000/cu.mm C Calcium <2 mmol/l R RFT (Urea) >16 mmol/l E Enzyme (LDH/AST) LDH >600…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
ALI and ARDS : Mnemonics
Diagnosis (Berlin Criteria) Mnemonic A R D S Acute Lung Injury (ALI) Acute onset (<7 days) Ratio PaO2/FiO2 ≤300 mmHg or 40 kPa Diffuse bilateral pulmonary infiltrates on CXR Swan-Ganz pulmonary wedge pressure ≤18 mmHg or No evidence of Left atrial hypertension Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Acute onset (<7…