Neonatal reflexes are the reflexes which are present at birth and have a predictable course of appearance and disappearance. A normally developing newborn should respond to certain stimuli with these reflexes, which eventually become inhibited as the child matures. The list of reflexes that can be elicited in normal newborn…
Tag: Neonates
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Apt Test in Newborn: Maternal vs Neonatal Blood
We had few cases of suspected GI bleeding, admitted or referred to our NICU. One was case of Hematochezia and other was case of fresh blood in vomitus. Both babies were born to mother with Antepartum hemorrhage. The general condition of the babies were fine, and the vitals. There was…
Blog 
Breast Engorgement in Newborns : Galactorrhea or Witch’s Milk
Scenario Concerned parents appear in the Out patient Department, with a newborn who has bilateral breast engorged and obviously secreting milk. Parents had tried to squeeze the milk out but instead the breast got further engorged. Few months before a neonate was admitted for Intravenous antibiotics for similar problem, after…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
List of Textbook for Pediatric Residents
Residency in any subject in medical field is not a piece of cake. There is no limit of knowledge you need to acquire and the tougher thing is you need to acquire knowledge and skills side by side. A mastery in only one field can leave you deficient. As a…
Case Reports 
Nine Interesting cases in Neonates
1. Sepsis presenting with Diabetic ketoacidosis like feature in Preterm neonate A thriving preterm neonate had new onset sepsis with off color skin and poor feed tolerance. A workup for sepsis was sent and antibiotics were upgraded to 2nd line agents. Inotrope was added for tachycardia with poor perfusion. By…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Lesions of the Umbilical Cord in Newborn
Anatomy of Umbilical Cord Umbilical cord is a connecting link between fetus and placenta through which fetoplacental circulation occurs. It is formed from allantois carrying vessels from Fetus to Chorion and passing abdominal stalk. It is around 50 cm long and contains 2 umbilical arteries and 1 umbilical vein surrounded by…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
BIND score in severe hyperbilirubinemia
Bilirubin-induced neurologic dysfunction (BIND) Score is used to assess bilirubin induced encephalopathy in neonates with severe hyperbilirubinemia. Johnson et al developed the BIND score to help identify an infant who requires more aggressive monitoring and management. The scoring system has 3 parameters: 1. Cry pattern 2. Behavior and mental status…
Case Reports 
Ectrodactyly or Lobster-claw syndrome : A Case Report
Ectrodactyly is an autosomal dominant ectodermal dysplasia presenting as bilateral congenital malformed hands and feet [1]. It affects about 1 in 90,000 births with males and females equally as likely to be affected. It is characterized by transverse terminal aphalangia or partial to total absence of the distal segments of…