Recommended guidelines for a good medical presentation are: 1. Color: Dark words (black/blue) on light background or vice-versa Color schemes constant throughout the presentation Avoid red-text or lines 2. Font and Text content: Family: Common font-family like Calibri, Times New Roman, Arial, etc. Size: Minimum 24 px, e.g. 44px for…
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Vancouver (NLM) Referencing Style : General rules of Citation
Vancouver style or NLM style of referencing is commonly used in medicine to cite other’s work in the text. General Rules 1. Reference numbers: Indicate the reference using arabic numerals inside [square] or (curved brackets) or as superscripts – use the same style throughout your scientific writing. Reference numbers must…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
History and Physical Examination Format
HISTORY 1. General Information: 2. Chief complaints: Example: Lower abdominal pain X 2 daysNausea and vomiting X 1 day 3. History of Presenting Illness: “OPQRST” for each symptoms Negative history: Treatment received for the complaint Review of systems: may or may not be related to chief complaint – include only…
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Medical Blogger Ethics
Overall, blogs are the oldest, most established, and evaluated form of social media, with articles as early as 2004 noting their use in medicine and family practice.(1) Maurice Bernstein (MD, assistant clinical professor of medicine, Keck School of Medicine) was asked if physician written blogs could meet legal and ethical…
Case Reports 
Catastropic Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Preterm IUGR newborn
A 31 weeks of gestation baby was born through emergency LSCS for Severe maternal hypertension. At birth baby required resuscitation and baby was intubated and transferred to NICU for ventilation. Fluids and Inotropes were started and ABG was sent. Vitamin K was given stat. Blood gas showed severe metabolic acidosis,…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Modified Centor Criteria for Likelihood of Bacterial Infection In Sore throat
Centor Criteria Mnemonic: CENTOr 1. Cough absent or Can’t cough = +1 2. Exudates or Enlarged tonsils = +1 3. Nodes (Swollen tender anterior cervical lymph nodes) = +1 4. Temeperature >100.4 F = +1 5. Or: <15 years = +1 15-44 years = 0 ≥45 years = -1 Scoring
Emergency Medicine 
Upper GI Bleed (UGI Bleed) Scoring : Mnemonics
Blatchford Score Blatchford score is recommended by NICE for 1st assessment. Admission risk marker Score component value Blood Urea (mg/dL) 18.2-22.4 2 22.4-28 3 28-70 4 >70 6 Haemoglobin (g/L) for men 12.0-12.9 1 10.0-11.9 3 10.0 6 Haemoglobin (g/L) for women 10.0-11.9 1 10.0 6 Systolic blood pressure (mm…
Clinical Skills and Approaches 
Eliciting Smoking and Alcohol History
Smoking History Ask: Have you ever smoked? If yes – Further ask: For how long? What form? (cigarettes, cigars, pipe, chewed) How much? Quantify smoking history: A ‘pack year’ is smoking 20 cigarettes a day (1 pack for one year) (Number of cigarettes smoked per day X Number of years…