Synonyms: Calot triangle, Cystohepatic triangle Boundaries: Cysto-hepatic triangle (Budde-Rocko triangle): Calot’s triangle as described in modern surgery: Mnemonic: 3 C 1. Cystic duct 2. Common hepatic duct 3. Cystic artery Contents: Importance: The cystic artery and the duct have to be clearly defined to obtain the ‘critical view of safety’. These…
Author: Epomedicine
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Site of absorption of Vitamins, Minerals and Nutrients
Duodenum Calcium Thiamine Iron Protein Carbohydrate Jejunum/Proximal ileum Fat Vitamins A, D, E, K Water-soluble vitamins Folate Essential minerals Copper Zinc Phosphorous Magnesium Terminal ileum Vitamin B12 Bile salts Reference: The SAGES Manual: A Practical Guide to Bariatric Surgery edited by Ninh T. Nguyen, Eric DeMaria, Sayeed Ikramuddin, Matthew M. Hutter
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Long term PPI use : Associated risks
Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are often self-prescribed by the patients and since PPIs are available over-the-counter, patients can have free access to them and for long periods of time, without seeking medical attention. Although guidelines for OTC use suggest a short course (2 week treatment) of PPIs in patients with typical…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Gastric Carcinoma : Quick Review
Etiology and Risk factors of Gastric Carcinoma Mnemonic: 14 “A”s Animal foods (smoked, cured or preserved – contains high nitroso- compounds) Anti-oxidant poor foods Acetaldehyde in Alcohol Acid peptic disease or Antigen i.e. H.pylori Atrophic gastritis and Achlorhydria Adenomatous polyps (precursor of intestinal type of gastric cancer) A type Blood group Asians…
Blog 
Levels of Medical Facilities in Peacekeeping Operations
Basic Level (Soldier level or Buddy-Aid) Immediate first-aid is provided by the nearest person-on-site (all personnel operating away from medical care must undergo standard first-aid training and carry personal and vehicular first-aid kits). Level 1 (Mobile/Battalion level) Provides immediate life-saving and resuscitation capabilities along with routine clinical care. Staffing: ATLS…
Blog 
Ouija Board – Ideomotor Effect
Ouija board (Talking board or Spirit board) is a printed or written flat board with the letters of the alphabet, the numbers 0-9, the words “yes”, “no” and “goodbye”. One or more participants place their fingers on the heart-shaped or triangular planchette or the coin to spell out messages in…
Blog 
Musician and Suicide – The science behind
Suicide is death resulting from an intentional, self-inflicted act, with evidence (either explicit, such as a note that clearly communicates the person’s expectation of death, or implicit, such as the mode of death, as when a person is found hanging in their locked home) that the person intended to die…
Blog 
Medical conditions disqualifying deployment into UN Peacekeeping Operations
Immunization Failure to provide proof of having received all United Nations-mandated immunizations Skin problems An active skin disease such as eczema or widespread psoriasis Chest Asthma, strong asthma-like symptoms or treatment for related illnesses within the last four years Chronic lung diseases such as emphysema, bronchiectasis or cystic fibrosis Active…