Besides, for the emergency/urgent surgeries, one needs to evaluate 4 variables in the preoperative cardiac evaluation of the patient for the non-cardiac surgery. We have elaborated the mnemonics used by CasesBlog. These variables can be remembered by the mnemonic PAST. Patient risk Activity level (METs) Surgical risk Test (Stress test)…
Author: Epomedicine
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Enzyme Inducers and Inhibitors : Mnemonic
Cytochrome P450 Inducers Mnemonic: SCRAP GP Sulfonylureas, Smoking Carbamazepine, Corticosteroids Rifamycins (Rifampicin, Rifabutin) Alcohol (Chronic) Phenytoin Griseofulvin Phenobarbital Cytochrome P450 Inhibitors Mnemonic 1: VIDEOCASE Valproate Isoniazid Disulfiram Erythromycin, Clarithromycin (not Azithromycin) Omeprazole Cimetidine Allopurinol Sulfonamides Ethanol (Acute) Mnemonic 2: SICKFACES.COM Sodium valproate Isoniazid Cimetidine Ketoconazole Fluconazole Alcohol (Acute) Chloramphenicol Erythromycin…
Clinical Skills and Approaches 
Thomas Test and Staheli Test
Thomas test Synonym: Hip flexion contracture test, Iliacus test, Iliopsoas test Fixed flexion deformity of the hip and anterior pelvic tilt leads to a compensatory hyperlordosis of the lumbar spine to restore the body’s center of gravity. Compensatory hyperlordosis can mask the fixed flexion deformity of hip. Thomas test: With…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Dermatomes : Mnemonic
Note: C1 doesn’t have a sensory branch For the purpose of making learning easier, we divide the remaining dermatomal segments into 4 groups which will be accompanied by analogies and mnemonics. C2-C4 These supply the “hooded cape” region. C2: hood region abutting the trigeminal distribution C3: upper neck C4: lower…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Nerve Conduction Study (NCS) and Electromyography (EMG) : Mnemonic Approach
Nerve Conduction Study (NCS) In the Nerve conduction study, assessment must be done for ABCDEFGH. Action potential Amplitude Measures the height of response in millivolts (mV) for motor nerve and microvolts (μV) for sensory nerve Indicates quantity of axons contributing to action potential Block of conduction CMAP on proximal stimulation…
Emergency Medicine 
Handtevy Method : Emergency Drug Dose by Age
To obtain the correct weight for each age, assign each finger a chronological odd number starting with 1, representing the age in years. Now, using the same fingers, count in the multiples of 5, starting with 10 to obtain the corresponding ideal body weight in kilograms. For the even ages,…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Renal Counter-Current Mechanism Made Easy
The term counter-current means flow in opposite direction. The renal counter-current mechanism comprises of: Flow of filtrate in opposite direction in nephron loop (down the descending limb and up the ascending limb of LOH or Loop of Henle) – that functions as a counter-current multiplier Flow of blood in opposite…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Neurofibromatosis type 1 Criteria : Mnemonic
Mnemonic: 2 out of ABCDEFG 1. Axillary or inguinal freckling 2. Bone lesions (sphenoid dysplasia, tibial pseudoarthrosis) 3. Cafe au lait macules/spots (>/= 6 in number; >/= 5 mm in prepubertal and >/= 15 mm in postpubertal) 4. Dermatologic neurofibroma 5. Eye hamartomas/Lisch nodules >/= 2 6. Family history (first…