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Mnemonics, Simplified Concepts & Thoughts

Tag: Oncology

PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Lynch Syndrome (HNPCC) : Mnemonics

Epomedicine, Jul 21, 2023Jul 30, 2023

Inheritance: Autosomal Dominant (AD) Cause: Microsatellite instability (MLH1, MSH2 mismatch repair gene mutation) Types: Amsterdam II Criteria for Diagnosis Mnemonic: 3-2-1-0 rule Colorectal cancers: More likely to be mucinous and right-sided Treatment: Total colectomy with ilio-rectal anastomosis Annual screening: Age 25 onwards or beginning no later than 5 years before…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Carcinoid Tumors : Mnemonic

Epomedicine, Jun 30, 2023Jun 30, 2023

Origin: Neuroendocrine cells Location: Lungs, Bronchi, Trachea, Gastrointestinal tract Synthesize: Biogenic amines (mainly serotonin which is metabolied to 5-HIAA) 5 Manifestations Mnemonic: 5-HIAAS 1. Heart disease (2/3 patients) 2. Intestinal manifestations 3. Airway obstruction 4. Asthma 5. Skin manifestations Alternative mnemonic: CARCinoid Rule of 1/3 Surgery for appendiceal carcinoid tumor…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Glucagonoma : 6 D’s

Epomedicine, Jun 18, 2023Jun 18, 2023

Glucagonoma is an alpha-cell tumor of pancreas. Mnemonic: 6 D’s 1. Diabetes 2. Dermatitis (Necrolytic migratory erythema) 3. Declining weight 4. Diarrhea 5. Deep vein thrombosis 6. Dilated cardiomyopathy

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Thyroid Tumors : Mnemonics

Epomedicine, Jun 17, 2023Jun 17, 2023

Papillary carcinoma Follicular carcinoma Medullary carcinoma Mnemonic: MENACED Anaplastic carcinoma

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Staging and Grading of Bone Tumors (Neoplasm)

Epomedicine, Nov 3, 2022Nov 3, 2022

Enneking (MSTS) Staging for Malignant Bone Tumors Stage Grade Site Metastasis IA Low Intra-compartmental None IB Low Extra-compartmental None IIA High Intra-compartmental None IIB High Extra-compartmental None III Any Any Regional or Distant Low-grade tumors generally have few mitotic figures, little if any cellular atypia, and have a relatively non-infiltrative…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Osteochondroma : Mnemonics

Dr. Sulabh Kumar Shrestha, MS Orthopedics, Oct 5, 2022Oct 5, 2022

Features of Osteochondroma Mnemonic: Six “C” Commonest benign bone tumor Continue to grow until Closure of physis Cartilage cap (appears larger clinically than in X-ray) Continuous with native bone (cortex and medullary canal) Cane (pedunculated/stalked points away from joint and sessile/broad based have higher risk of malignant degeneration) Change (mutation)…

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PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS

Osteoid Osteoma : Mnemonic

Epomedicine, May 13, 2022May 13, 2022

Epidemiology and Clinical features Mnemonic: LMNOP Lower extremity predilection (proximal femur > tibial diaphysis) Male predilection (2:1 to 3:1) Night pain relieved by NSAIDs (absent in osteoblastoma) Osteogenic benign tumor Prostaglandins (PGE2) and Cyclooxygenase (COX1 and 2) release by nidus (explains night pain and response to NSAIDs) 3 Concentric layers…

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Clinical Skills and Approaches

Thoracolumbar Metastases Management : Mnemonic Approach

Dr. Sulabh Kumar Shrestha, MS Orthopedics, Jun 15, 2021Jun 15, 2021

The primary malignancies that commonly metastasize to the spine can be recalled using the mnemonic: PB KTL (or “Lead Kettle”. Prostate Breast Kidney Thyroid Lungs In women, 80% metastases are from lung and breast and in men, 80% are from lung and prostate. LMNOP approach A. Location/Level 80% involve well-vascularized…

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