Diagnosis (Berlin Criteria) Mnemonic A R D S Acute Lung Injury (ALI) Acute onset (<7 days) Ratio PaO2/FiO2 ≤300 mmHg or 40 kPa Diffuse bilateral pulmonary infiltrates on CXR Swan-Ganz pulmonary wedge pressure ≤18 mmHg or No evidence of Left atrial hypertension Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Acute onset (<7…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Surface Anatomy of Pleura and Lung
Surface Anatomy of Pleura Mnemonic: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 rule 1. Starts about 2 cm above the midpoint of medial 1/3 of clavicle. 2. Meet in the midline at rib 2. 3. Left side reaches sternal line at rib 4 (to make room for heart). 4. Right side…
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Starting Small: The Road to Building Healthy Lifestyle Habits
[ Disclaimer: Article may contain promotional links] We all have been there – scrolling through social media, bombarded by images of sculpted physiques and meticulously planned meal prep. Feeling a surge of inspiration, you vow to overhaul your entire lifestyle – become a gym freak, a culinary master and an…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Bilirubin Metabolism and Disorders
Bilirubin Metabolism Mnemonic: ABCDE 1. Aged RBCs (80-85%) 2. Breakdown to Biliverdin and Bilirubin (in reticuloendothelial system) 3. Circulation 4. Delivery to liver (Conjugation) 5. Excretion and Enterohepatic circulation Unconjugated Vs Conjugated Bilirubin Unconjugated bilirubin Conjugated bilirubin Van den Bergh reaction Indirect Direct Solubility Water insoluble; Lipid soluble Water soluble;…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Internal and External Jugular Veins with Mnemonics
Jugular veins are the veins that take blood from the head to the heart via Superior Venacava (SVC). Internal Jugular Vein (IJV) External Jugular Vein (EJV) Formation (Drains from) Inferior petrosal sinus + Sigmoid sinus (At or just distal to Jugular foramen) Posterior div. of retromandibular vein + Posterior auricular…
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Exploring the Role of Community Support in Personal Growth
Table of Contents: Key Takeaways: The Power of Community Throughout history, the power of community has been acknowledged as a vital element in societal progress and personal welfare. In times of crisis and growth, having a network of supportive individuals can be as rewarding as essential. Community—the collective body comprised…
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Are Premier Protein Shakes Good For You?
( Disclaimer: This article is for purely information purpose only, please consult your doctor for actual recommendation before using it) Premier Protein shakes have gained popularity among individuals seeking convenient and efficient ways to meet their daily protein intake. These shakes offer a substantial amount of protein, claiming to support…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Male Reproductive Anatomy : Mnemonics
Penile Layers Mnemonic: ABCD (from inside to outside) 1. Albuginea (tunica albuginea): Envelopes 3 corporal bodies (2 cavernosa and 1 spongiosum) 2. Buck’s fascia: Separates corpora cavernosa from corpus spongiosum; separates superficial and deep dorsal veins of the penis 3. Colle’s fascia: Continuous with Scarpa’s fascia of abdomen and Dartos…